Research ArticlesPoly(N‐vinyl‐pyrrolidone)‐block‐poly(D,L‐lactide) as polymeric emulsifier for the preparation of biodegradable nanoparticles
Section snippets
INTRODUCTION
Amphiphilic block copolymers share a unique molecular structure, consisting of at least two polymer segments of dissimilar chemical natures. The composition of the repeat unit as well as the length of each block can be tailored to serve a variety of applications, including the preparation of micelles,1 vesicles,2 nano‐,3 and micro‐emulsions.4 They have also been utilized as stabilizers for organic pigments in aqueous media5 as well as for emulsion polymerization.6
In light of their tendency to
Materials
PDLLAs were purchased from PolySciences, Inc. (Warrington, PA) (Mn, 13400 (PI = 1.2), and 22,000 (PI = 1.6)) and Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) (Mn, 40,500 (PI = 1.8)). Their molecular weights were determined by size exclusion chromatography according to a method described elsewhere.14 PVP‐b‐PDLLA (Mn, 3500, 37.4% w/w LA) was synthesized according to a method previously reported.14 PEG‐b‐PDLLA (Mn, 3100, 35.5% w/w LA) was purchased from JCS Biopolytech, Inc. (Toronto, Ontario, Canada).
PVP‐b‐PDLLA as a Polymeric Surfactant
In this work, an o/w emulsion‐solvent evaporation method was applied to prepare PDLLA nanoparticles.23, 24 The organic phase was emulsified into an aqueous solution containing either PVP‐b‐PDLLA or PEG‐b‐PDLLA, of similar composition and molecular weight. The amphiphilic block copolymer served to stabilize the dispersed phase which contained PDLLA. Removal of the internal phase by rotary evaporation caused PDLLA to precipitate, yielding nanoparticles surrounded by either a PVP or a PEG corona.
CONCLUSION
In the present study, PVP‐b‐PDLLA was found to be an efficient emulsifier toward the DCM/water system. The block copolymer was thus employed in the preparation of sterically stabilized PDLLA nanoparticles by an o/w emulsion solvent evaporation method. Two poorly water‐soluble drugs were successfully incorporated into the nanoparticles and released over several days in vitro. Due to the presence of the PVP corona, the nanoparticles could be readily redispersed in aqueous media following
Acknowledgements
This work was supported financially by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. G. Gaucher acknowledges a scholarship from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. The authors thank Christine Allen (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto) for her help in determining the total solubility parameters. Marie‐Christine Jones and Marie‐Hélène Dufresne (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal) are acknowledged for their assistance in the preparation of the
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