Review of Immunological and Immunopathological Findings in Schizophrenia

doi:10.1006/brbi.2001.0648

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

Volume 15, Issue 4, December 2001, Pages 319-339

https://doi.org/10.1006/brbi.2001.0648 Get rights and content

Abstract

The involvement of immunological and immunopathological mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia has been a matter of research, with recently increasing effort. This article reviews the findings focusing on postmortem neuropathology, the blood–brain barrier, antibodies, acute phase proteins, immunocompetent cells, and activation markers of immunocompetent cells. Evidence for the two primarily postulated hypotheses (the infectious hypothesis and the autoimmune hypothesis) is critically discussed. On the basis of the findings, perspectives for future research are outlined aiming at a precise and consequent strategy to elucidate a potential involvement of immune mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia.

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Regular ArticleReview of Immunological and Immunopathological Findings in Schizophrenia

Abstract

Biol. Psychiatry

Schizophr. Res.

Lancet

Psychiatr. Res.

Schizophr. Res.

Neurosci. Lett.

Biol. Psychiatry

Schizophr. Res.

Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry

Biol. Psychiatry

Schizophr. Res.

Biol. Psychiatry

Proc. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry

Psychiatry Res.

Biol. Psychiatry

Psychiatry Res.

Schizophr. Res.

Schizophr. Res.

J. Psychiatr. Res.

Biol. Psychiatry

Biol. Psychiatry

Schizophr. Res.

Brain Res.

Schizophr. Res.

Int. Rev. Neurobiol.

Biol. Psychiatry

Lancet

Biol. Psychiatry

Biol. Psychiatry

Schizophr. Res.

Trends Neurosci.

Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol.

Schizophr. Res.

J. Psychiatr. Res.

Schizophr. Res.

Schizophr. Res.

J. Neuroimmunol.

Schizophrenic sera contain antibody against brain

J. Asthma Res.

Cellular immunity and immune genetics in schizophrenia

Biol. Psychiatry

Altered white cell count, protein concentration and olioclonal IgG bands in the cerebrospinal fluid of many patients with acute psychiatric disorders

Neuropsychobiology

Immunoglobulins and Improvement in acute schizophrenic reactions

Arch. Gen. Psychiatry

Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytosis in elderly patients with schizophrenia and dementia

Acta Neuropathol.

Recent advances in defining the neuropathology of schizophrenia

Acta Neuropathol.

Decreased in vitro production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 in whole blood of patients with schizophrenia during treatment

Mol. Psychiatry

Changes in interleukin-1β and soluble Interleukin-2 receptor levels in CSF and serum of schizophrenic patients

J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol.

Tissuebinding factor in schizophrenic sera: A clinical and genetic study

Biol. Psychiatry

Herpes simplex antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenics patients

Acta Virol.

Genetic and non-genetic vulnerability factors in schizophrenia: The basis of the “Two hit hypothesis.”

J. Psychiatr. Res.

Erweiterte kernspintomographische Untersuchungen bei Borna-disease-Virus-seropositiven psychiatrischen Patienten und Kontrollen

Nervenarzt

Serum Interferon in first psychotic attack

Br. J. Psychiatry

Regular Article
Review of Immunological and Immunopathological Findings in Schizophrenia