Regular ArticleTesting Stereotype Threat: Does Anxiety Explain Race and Sex Differences in Achievement?☆
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2022, Computers in Human BehaviorCitation Excerpt :For example, cognitive tests that explicitly mention age differences, or the mere presence of young people in a consumption setting where anti-aging culture prevails, may induce the fear of confirming negative age self-stereotypes among older adults (Abrams et al., 2006, 2008; Amatulli, Peluso, Guido, & Yoon, 2018). Furthermore, stereotype threat is anxiety provoking and may cause a series of negative consequences upon stereotyped groups (Bosson, Haymovitz, & Pinel, 2004; O'Brien & Crandall, 2003; Osborne, 2001, 2007). Age-based stereotype threat also enhances overall anxiety among older adults (Abrams et al., 2006; Hess, Auman, Colcombe, & Rahhal, 2003; Kang & Chasteen, 2009) and anxiety towards certain issues, such as health anxiety (Cheng, 2020) and technophobia (Xi et al., 2021).
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Thanks go to the many people who assisted in the preparation of this manuscript, including Marco Columbus, and to the National Center for Educational Statistics, who initially collected these data and have made the data publicly available. A version of this article was presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association in April of 2000.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jason W. Osborne, Department of Educational Psychology, University of Oklahoma, 820 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019. Fax: (405) 325-6655. E-mail:[email protected].