Regular ArticleHypertonic Immunomodulation Is Reversible and Accompanied by Changes in CD11b Expression☆
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Hypotheses about sub-optimal hydration in the weeks before coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a risk factor for dying from COVID-19
2020, Medical HypothesesCitation Excerpt :After hypertonic conditioning, neutrophils have an exaggerated cytotoxic response in normotonic conditions. In vitro, the duration of hypertonic pretreatment modifies lung neutrophil responsiveness to infection under isotonic conditions [93]. Chronic hypertonicity and hypovolemia favor capillary leakage by increasing expression of VEGF, which stimulates lymphatic formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression [37,38].
Distinct TLR-mediated pathways regulate house dust mite-induced allergic disease in the upper and lower airways
2013, Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Consistent with data obtained from the nasal and bronchial epithelia, TLR2 and TLR4 surface expression were increased by HDM in primary epithelial cells cultured from the nasal and bronchial epithelia, respectively (see Fig E5 in this article's Online Repository at www.jacionline.org), suggesting that HDM-induced TLR overexpression in the nasal and bronchial epithelia mainly occurred in epithelial cells, rather than in hematopoietic cells such as macrophages and DCs. To check that TLRs surface expression was caused by HDM-induced exocytosis, we pretreated mice with jasplakinolide, a marine sponge toxin that was shown to physically interfere with exocytosis,32,33 and examined TLR surface expression after HDM challenge. Jasplakinolide decreased HDM-induced TLR2 and TLR4 surface expressions in the nasal and bronchial epithelia, respectively (Fig 2, D).
Hypertonic Resuscitation After Severe Injury. Is it of Benefit?
2012, Advances in SurgeryIs there any place for hypertonic saline for fluid resuscitation in septic shock?
2010, Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de ReanimationHypertonic saline resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock does not impair the neutrophil response to intraabdominal infection
2008, SurgeryCitation Excerpt :In both, bacterial peritonitis was initiated long after resuscitation (range, 7–24 hours). Because the effect of HTS administered in vivo is reversible once plasma osmolarity returns to normal,30 it is not surprising that bacterial clearance was unimpaired in these 2 studies.28,29 Several studies,24,29 like the present one, have reported increased bacterial clearance from the peritoneal cavity and/or from the blood after HTS resuscitation.
Hypertonic Resuscitation: Design and Implementation of a Prehospital Intervention Trial
2008, Journal of the American College of SurgeonsCitation Excerpt :Study fluid will be administered by the prehospital personnel as the initial fluid given to eligible patients. Previous animal studies have suggested that hypertonic fluids are most effective if given at the time of reperfusion.17-19 To account for patients in remote areas who might not receive immediate prehospital care, a 4-hour window from the time of injury to fluid administration is allowed.
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Dr. Rizoli is a recipient of a research fellowship from the Heart and Stroke Scientific Research Corporation of Canada. This work was also supported by grants from the Medical Research Council of Canada (A.K. and O.D.R.), the Defense and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine (O.D.R.), the Crann Memorial Trust, and the Counnaught Fund of the University of Toronto (A.K.).
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