Regular ArticleRecent Influenza A (H1N1) Infections of Pigs and Turkeys in Northern Europe
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Enhanced replication of swine influenza viruses in dexamethasone-treated juvenile and layer turkeys
2013, Veterinary MicrobiologyCitation Excerpt :Due to close proximity of both swine and turkey production in the U.S., SIV infection in turkeys has been related to the prevalence and predominant strains circulating in the swine population. For instance, the classical swine H1N1 SIV had been the predominant subtype circulating in the U.S. swine population till the late 1990s and was the most frequently reported influenza subtype transmitted to turkey populations (Andral et al., 1985; Ficken et al., 1989; Ludwig et al., 1994; Mohan et al., 1981). Similarly, a few years after the emergence and predominance of the triple reassortant (TR) H3N2 SIVs in the swine population in the U.S., it has been frequently transmitted to turkey populations causing severe egg production problems (Webby et al., 2000).
Pathobiology of triple reassortant H3N2 influenza viruses in breeder turkeys and its potential implication for vaccine studies in turkeys
2009, VaccineCitation Excerpt :In breeder turkeys, low pathogenic influenza A infections almost always result in decreased egg production. Several previous reports document drops in egg production in turkeys due to H1N1 [20,21], reassortant H1N2 [18], and H3N2 viruses [11,12,22] from different parts of the world. TR H3N2 viruses have been associated with sudden declines in egg production in breeder turkeys within the U.S. [11,12].
Modeling the spread of bird flu and predicting outbreak diversity
2008, Nonlinear Analysis: Real World ApplicationsGenetic and antigenic relatedness of H3 subtype influenza A viruses isolated from avian and mammalian species
2008, VaccineCitation Excerpt :Pigs have been hypothesized to play a key role in the interspecies transmission of influenza A viruses by means of antigenic shift [11,34]. Interspecies transmission of H1N1 and H3N2 viruses between pigs and turkeys has been reported in multiple occasions [18,35–37]. The geographic proximity of swine and turkey operations in the U.S., especially in the Midwest part of the country, caused a situation that required producers to vaccinate their turkey breeders with swine viruses that are circulating in the field.
Influenza viruses
2019, Diseases of SwineDemographic and production practices of pig producers trading at saleyards in eastern Australia
2013, Australian Veterinary Journal