Summary
The effects of 9 weeks of moderate intensity exercise training while on a weight-maintaining diet were studied in 19 untrained middle-aged, hypertriglyceridaemic, carbohydrate intolerant men. Initial mean maximum oxygen consumption was low (29.7±1.0 ml-min−1 · kg−1; mean±SEM) and improved (34.2±1.4ml·min−1·kg−1, p<0.01) with exercise training. Fasting glucose, insulin, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations did not change. While the abnormal glucose response to oral glucose did not change with training, insulin concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) lower at 90 and 120 min during the final oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin mediated glucose uptake did not change, indicating that the degree of exercise training failed to improve in vivo insulin sensitivity. Significant associations were found between the following parameters measured: fasting concentrations of triglycerides and insulin, very low density lipoprotein-triglycerides and glucose, and measures of in vivo insulin resistance and fasting insulin levels, suggesting that insulin resistance in these glucose intolerant subjects may play a role in their hypertriglyceridaemia. These data indicate that moderate increases in physical training alone are not sufficient to improve the carbohydrate, insulin and lipid metabolism of hypertriglyceridaemic, glucose intolerant men.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bjorntorp P, Fahlen M, Grimby G, Gustafson A, Holm J, Renstrom P, Schersten T (1972) Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in middle-aged, physically well-trained men. Metabolism 21: 1037–1044
Ruderman NB, Ganda OP, Johansen K (1979) The effect of physical training on glucose tolerance and plasma lipids in maturity-onset diabetes. Diabetes 28 (1): 89–92
Reaven GM (1980) Insulin-independent diabetes mellitus: metabolic characteristics. Metabolism 29: 445–454
Olefsky JM, Farquhar JW, Reaven GM (1974) Reappraisal of the role of insulin in hypertriglyceridaemia. Am J Med 57: 551–560
Castelli WP, Doyle JT, Gordon T, Hames CG, Hjortland MC, Hulley SB, Kagen A, Zukel WJ (1977) HDL cholesterol and other lipids in coronary heart disease: The Cooperative Lipoprotein Phenotyping Study. Circulation 55: 767–772
Lampman RM, Santinga JT, Savage PJ, Bassett DR, Hydrick CR, Flora JD Jr, Block WD (1985) Effect of exercise training on glucose tolerance, in vivo insulin sensitivity, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in middle-aged men with mild hypertriglyceridaemia. Metabolism 34: 205–211
World Health Organization Expert Committee (1980) Second report on diabetes mellitus. Technical Report Series No 646, Geneva, Switzerland
Keys A, Fidanza F, Karvonen MJ, Kimura N, Taylor HL (1972) Indices of relative weight and obesity. J Chron Dis 25: 329–343
Bondar RJL, Mean D (1974) Evaluation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from leuconostocmesenteroids in the hexokinase method for determining glucose in serum. Clin Chem 20: 586–590
Morgan CR, Lazarow A (1963) Immunoassay of insulin: two antibody systems. Diabetes 12: 115–126
Lipid research clinics manual of laboratory operations, Vol 1 (1974) Lipid and lipoprotein analysis. HEW No. NIH 75-628. Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office
Nichols AB, Ravenscroft C, Lamphier DE, Ostrander LD Jr (1976) Daily nutritional intake and serum lipid levels. The Tecumseh Study. Am J Clin Nutr 29: 1384–1392
Shen SW, Reaven GM, Farquhar JW (1970) Comparison of impedance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake in normal subjects and in subjects with latent diabetes. J Clin Invest 49: 2151–2160
DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R (1979) Glucose clamp technique: A method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am J Physiol 237: E214–223
Winer BJ (1971) Statistical principles in experimental design, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
Schneider SH, Amorosa LF, Khachadurian AK, Ruderman NB (1984) Studies on the mechanism of improved glucose control during regular exercise in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. Diabetologia 26: 355–360
Trovati M, Carta Q, Cavalot F, Vitali Sm Banaudi C, Lucchina PG, Fiocchi F, Emanuelli G, Lenti G (1984) Influence of physical training on blood glucose control, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin action in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 7: 416–420
Bogardus C, Ravussin E, Robbins DC, Wolfe RR, Horton ES, Sims EAH (1984) Effects of physical training and diet therapy on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with glucose intolerance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 33: 311–318
Nagulesparan M, Savage PJ, Unger RH, Bennett PH (1979) A simplified method using somatostatin for the assessment of in vivo insulin resistance over a range of obesity. Diabetes 28: 980–983
Reitman JS, Vasquez B, Klimes I, Nagulesparan M (1984) Improvement of glucose homeostasis after exercise training in noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Diabetes Care 7: 434–441
Reaven GM, Mejean L, Villaume C, Drouin P, Debry G (1983) Plasma glucose and insulin response to oral glucose in nonobese subjects and patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridaemia. Metabolism 32: 447–450
Ruderman NB, Schneider SH, Berchtold P (1981) The “metabolically obese”, normal weight individual. Am J Clin Nutr 34: 1617–1621
Enger SC, Ritland S (1973) Glucose tolerance, insulin release and lipoprotein pattern in patients after myocardial infarction. Acta Med Scand 194: 97–101
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lampman, R.M., Schteingart, D.E., Santinga, J.T. et al. The influence of physical training on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in middle-aged hypertriglyceridaemic, carbohydrate intolerant men. Diabetologia 30, 380–385 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292538
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292538