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Capillary endothelial cells of the anterior pituitary should be excluded from the reticulo-endothelial system

Light and electron microscopic observations on rabbits and rats

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Summary

Most capillary endothelial cells of the anterior pituitary of rats and rabbits are not vitally stained by acid dyes and india ink, while the pericapillary cells are intensively stained by acid dyes, especially by trypan blue. In electron micrographs, capillary endothelial cells have few lysosomes in their relatively scanty cytoplasm. These cells do not react markedly to repeated injections of acid dye whereas most pericapillary cells are increased in number and size after repeated injections of acid dye and show numerous lysosomal structures in the cytoplasm. These cells are considered to correspond to the acid dye-accumulating pericapillary cell observed by light microscopy.

From these facts, the present authors emphasize that the capillary endothelial cell of the anterior pituitary should be excluded from the reticulo-endothelial system, as it is a pericapillary histiocyte that is stained vitally by acid dyes.

The capillary endothelium has numerous fenestrae of 500 Å diameter, closed by a thin diaphragm. The diaphragm is not trilaminar but mono-layered and there is a dense ring-like structure in its central area. The overall diameter of the ring-like structure is about 200 Å and the light center is about 70 Å in diameter. It is suggested that the highly organized structures of the diaphragm may relate to the passage of substances such as acid dye from the capillary lumen into the pericapillary space.

Zusammenfassung

Die meisten Capillarendothelien der Hypophysenvorderlappen bei Ratten und Kaninchen zeigten auch bei wiederholter Injektion keine Vitalfärbung mit Lithiumcarmin oder Tusche, dagegen ließen sich die meisten pericapillären Zellen mit den sauren Farbstoffen, besonders mit Trypanblau, stark anfärben. Bei elektronenmikroskopischer Untersuchung findet man wenige Lysosomen im Cytoplasma der Capillarendothelien; auch ist an ihnen eine Reaktion auf die Vitalfärbung nicht deutlich zu beobachten. Die pericapillären Zellen erscheinen nach den wiederholten Injektionen des Vitalfarbstoffes vermehrt und enthalten viele kleine oder große Lysosomen im Cytoplasma; die meisten von ihnen stimmen vielleicht mit den pericapillären Histiocyten überein. Auf Grund dieser Befunde vertreten wir die Ansicht, daß die Capillarendothelien des Hypophysenvorderlappens aus der Kategorie des reticuloendothelialen Systems ausgeschlossen werden sollten. Es sind pericapilläre Histiocyten, die bei der Vitalfärbung mit sauren Farbstoffen stark hervortreten. Die Capillarendothelien haben viele Poren, die durch ein dünnes Diaphragma gedeckt werden. Das Diaphragma ist nicht trilamellar, sondern monolamellar und hat in seinem Zentrum eine ringartige Struktur. Deren Gesamtdurchmesser beträgt ca. 200 Å und ihr Durchmesser im Lichten ca. 70 Å.

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Fujita, H., Kataoka, K. Capillary endothelial cells of the anterior pituitary should be excluded from the reticulo-endothelial system. Z. Anat. Entwickl. Gesch. 128, 318–328 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00522530

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