Abstract
In an effort to further study the predictions of recent cognitive models of self-regulation with regard to self-observational processes (Kanfer, 1970; Bandura, 1974), an experimental paradigm involving the reactive effects of self-monitoring was used. The saliency of the effects of self-monitored smoking frequency were directly manipulated by varying exposure to qualitatively different amounts of physiological feedback from carbon monoxide (CO) assessment. The meaning of CO feedback was also manipulated by pairing CO with exercise. Forty moderate smokers were matched on their motivation to quit smoking and assigned to one of five conditions: (1) Interview control, (2) Exercise control, (3) Enhanced CO, no exercise, (4) Enhanced CO and exercise (separate), and (5) Enhanced CO and exercise combined. (This was an attempt to take advantage of the inevitable decrease of carbon monoxide that occurs with exercise, thereby further enhancing CO saliency.) Results showed that the reactivity of self-monitoring was significantly increased relative to either of the controls (groups 1 or 2) by exposure to frequent CO feedback (groups 3, 4, and 5). Attempting to further increase the effects of reactivity of self-monitoring by demonstrating an immediate reduction in CO following exercise (group 5) did not result in additional reactivity.
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Abueg, F.R., Colletti, G. & Kopel, S.A. A study of reactivity: The effects of increased relevance and saliency of self-monitored smoking through enhanced carbon monoxide feedback. Cogn Ther Res 9, 321–333 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01183851
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01183851