Summary
A study by electron microscopy of HUT 78 cells infected with the ARV-2 strain of HIV-1 revealed, in addition to virions having the characteristic morphology of a lentivirus, the presence of numerous C-type particles, suggesting that the analysed specimen might in fact contain two different viruses. In order to further investigate this observation, the cell culture supernatant was filtered and mixed at serial dilutions with uninfected HUT 78 cells. In this way, it was possible to obtain cells producing only virions with C-type morphology and a Mn++ dependent reverse transcriptase activity which in a sucrose gradient was found to peak at a buoyant density of 1.16g/cm3. The RNA purified from the culture medium was not detected by reference DNA probes for either HIV-1 and -2 or HTLV-I and -II. In an indirect immunofluorescence assay, sera from patients seropositive for these human retroviruses failed to recognize any antigen in the cells producing only the C-type particles. Using the same technique, plasma samples from 100 blood donors also gave negative results.
The presence of this retrovirus could be the result of previous laboratory contamination but the possibility that it is indeed a human virus has to be considered.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barre-Sinoussi F, Chermann JC, Rey F, Nugeyre MT, Chamaret S, Gruest J, Dauguet D, Axler-Blin C, Vezinet-Brun F, Rouzioux C, Rozenbaum W, Montagnier L (1983) Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 220: 868–871
Baudhuin P, Berthet J (1967) Electron microscopic examination of subcellular fractions. I. Quantitative analysis of the mitochondrial population isolated from rat liver. J Cell Biol 35: 631–648
Bohannon RC, Donehower LA, Ford RJ (1991) Isolation of a type D retrovirus from B-Cell lymphomas of a patient with AIDS. J Virol 65: 5663–5672
Burtonboy G, Coignoul F, Delferriere N, Pastoret PP (1979) Canine hemorrhagic enteritis: detection of viral particles by electron microscopy. Arch Virol 61: 1–11
Curran T, MacConnell WP, Van Straaten P, Verma IM (1983) Structure of the FBJ Murine osteosarcoma virus genome: molecular cloning of its associated helper virus and the cellular homolog of the V-fos gene from mouse and human cells. Mol Cell Biol 3: 914–921
Denhardt DT (1966) A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 23: 641–646
Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1984) A technique for radiolabelling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity (addendum). Anal Biochem 137: 266–267
Foley GE, Lazarus H, Farber S, Uzman BG, Boone BA, MacCarthy RE (1965) Continuous culture of human lymphoblasts from peripheral blood of a child with acute leukemia. Cancer 18: 522–529
Garry RF, Fermin CD, Hart DJ, Alexander SS, Donehower LA, Lud-Zhang H (1990) Detection of a human intracisternal A-Type retroviral particle antigenically related to HIV. Science 250: 1127–1129
Gazdar AF, Carney DN, Bunn PA, Russell EK, Jaffe ES, Schechter GP, Guccion JG (1980) Mitogen requirements for the in vitro propagation of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Blood 55: 409–417
Gelderblom HR (1991) Assembly and morphology of HIV: potential effect of structure on viral function. AIDS 5: 617–638
Guyader M, Emerman M, Sonigo P, Clavel F, Montagnier L, Alizon M (1987) Genome organization and transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Nature 326: 662–669
Hoshino H, Esumi H, Miwa M, Shimoyama M, Minato K, Tobinai K, Hirose M, Watanabe S, Inada N, Kinoshita K, Kamihira S, Ichimaru M, Sugimura T (1983) Establishment and characterization of 10 cell lines derived from patients with adult T-cell leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 6061–6065
Coffin JM (1991) Retroviridae. In: Francki RIB, Fauquet CM, Knudson DL, Brown F (eds) Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Fifth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Springer, Wien New York, pp 291–299 (Arch Virol [Suppl 2])
Kettmann R (1986) Etude du rôle du provirus dans la leucémogenèse par le virus de la leucémie bovine. Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Gembloux
Lee H, Swanson P, Shorty VS, Zach JA, Rosenblatt JD, Chen IS (1989) High rate of HTLV-II infection in seropositive IV drug abusers in New Orleans. Science 244: 471–475
Levy JA (1983) Mouse plasmocytoma cells produce infectious type C virus. Lancet 2: 522
Levy JA, Hoffman AD, Kramer SM, Landis JA, Shimabukuro JM, Oshiro LS (1984) Isolation of lymphocytopathic retroviruses from San Francisco patients with AIDS. Science 225: 840–842
Madeley CR, Field AM (1988) Virus morphology, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
Mousset B, Bigot A, Heusterspreute M, Goebbels P, Zohoun I, Larzul D, Kettmann R, Delferriere N, Vercruysse V, Bodeus M, Phillipe M, Burtonboy G (1990) Isolation of HIV-1 from seropositive people living in Cotonou, Benin. AIDS 4: 1225–1230
Perron H, Geny C, Laurent A, Mouriquand C, Pellat J, Perret J, Seigneurin JM (1989) Leptomeningeal cell line from multiple sclerosis with reverse transcriptase activity and viral particles. Res Virol 140: 551–561
Popovic M, Sarngadharan MG, Read E, Gallo RC (1984) Detection, isolation and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science 224: 497–500
Ratner L, Haseltine WA, Patarca R, Livak KJ, Starcich B, Josephs SJ, Doran EK, Rafalski JA, Whitehorn EA, Baumeister K, Ivanoff L, Petteway SR Jr, Pearson ML, Lautenberger JA, Papas TS, Ghrayeb J, Chang NJ, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F (1985) Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus HTLV-III. Nature 313: 277–283
Reed KC, Mann DA (1985) Rapid transfer of DNA from agarose gels to nylon membranes. Nucleic Acids Res 13: 7207–7221
Seiki M, Hattori M, Hirayama Y, Yoshida M (1983) Human adult T-cell leukemia virus: complete nucleotide sequence of the provirus genome integrated in leukemia cell DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 3618–3622
Shimotono K, Takahashi Y, Shimizu N, Gojobori T, Golde DW, Schen RSY, Miwa M, Sugimura T (1985) Complete nucleotide sequence of an infectious clone of human T-cell leukemia virus type II: an open reading frame for the protease gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1985 82: 3101–3105
Surleraux M, Bodeus M, Burtonboy G (1987) Study of canine parvovirus polypeptides by immunoblot analysis. Arch Virol 95: 271–281
Van Beveren CH, Enami S, Curran T, Verma IM (1984) FBR murine osteosarcoma virus: II nucleotide sequence of the provirus reveals that the virus contains sequences acquired from two cellular genes. Virology 135: 229–243
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Burtonboy, G., Delferriere, N., Mousset, B. et al. Isolation of a C-type retrovirus from an HIV infected cell line. Archives of Virology 130, 289–300 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01309661
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01309661