Conclusion
Since Orton first noted the communicative and perceptual deficits of reading impaired children, many investigators have attempted to delineate in more detail the nature of perceptual impairment in children with language and reading disabilities. Considerable advances in our knowledge concerning the manner in which speech is processed as a code have occurred since Orton’s time. These advances have made it possible to demonstrate a more direct link between perceptual deficits and the development of communication skills, including reading.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bakker, D.J. 1967. Temporal order, meaningfulness, reading ability.Perceptual Motor Skills 2:1027–1030.
Bakker, D.J. 1971.Temporal Order in Disturbed Reading; Developmental and Neuropsychological Aspects in Normal and Reading Retarded Children. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press.
Birch, H.G. and Belmont, L. 1964. Auditory-visual integration in normal and retarded readers.Amer. J. of Orthopsychiatry 34:852–861.
Boder, E. 1971. Developmental dyslexia: A diagnostic screening procedure based on three characteristic patterns of reading and spelling.In Bateman, B. (ed.).Learning Disorders, Vol. 4. Seattle: Special Child Publication.
Doehring, D.G. 1968.Patterns of Impairments in Specific Reading Disability. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Corkin, S. 1974. Serial-ordering deficits in inferior readers.Neuropsychologia 12:347–354.
Guthrie, J. and Seifert, M. 1974.Kennedy Institute Phonics Test. Newark, Delaware: International Reading Association.
Hirsh, U.J. 1959. Auditory perception of temporal order.Journal of Acoustic Society of America 31:759–767.
Liberman, A.M., Cooper, F.S., Shankweiler, D. and Studdert-Kennedy, M. 1967. Perception of the speech code.Psychological Review 75:431–461.
Liberman, I.Y., Shankweiler, D., Liberman, A.M., Fowler, D.C. and Fischer, F.W. 1976. Phonetic segmentation and recording in the beginning reader.In A. S. Reber and D. Scarborough (eds.)Reading: Theory and Practice. New York. Erlbaum Associates.
Moscicki, E. 1979. The relation between phonological patterns of oral reading errors and perceptual skills: An investigation with normal-developing and reading-delayed children. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Johns Hopkins University.
Orton, S.T. 1937.Reading, Writing, and Speech Problems in Children. New York: W.W. Norton.
Spache, G.D. 1963.Metropolitan Readiness Test. Monterey, California: McGraw-Hill.
Tallal, P. and Piercy, M. 1973. Developmental aphasia: Impaired rate of non-verbal processing as a function of sensory modalilty.Neuropsychologia 11:389–398.
Tallal, P. and Piercy, M. 1974. Developmental aphasia: Rate of auditory processing and selective impairment of consonant perception.Neuropsychologia 12:83–94.
Tallal, P. and Piercy, M. 1975. Developmental aphasia: The perception of brief vowels and extended stop consonants.Neuropsychologia 13:67–74.
Tallal, P. 1980. Auditory temporal perception, phonics and reading disabilities in children.Brain and Language, in press.
Wechsler, D. 1974.Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. New York: The Psychological Corporation.
Zurif, E.B. and Carson, G. 1970. Dyslexia in relation to cerebral dominance and temporal analysis.Neuropsychologia 8:351–361.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tallal, P. Language and reading: Some perceptual prerequisites. Bulletin of the Orton Society 30, 170–178 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02653716
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02653716