Abstract
Purpose
This systematic review is aimed at answering the following questions: 1) Is near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) clinically effective in detecting cerebral desaturation during heart surgery? 2) Are these results based on studies with solid methodology?
Sources
MEDLINE, internet, and hand searches up to February 2004 for English and French papers on NIRS.
Principal findings
Forty-eight papers were retrieved, with a total of 5,931 cardiac surgery patients monitored by NIRS. More than 83% of patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The majority of studies were prospective for the monitored group. Clinically, NIRS monitoring appears to detect brain desaturation episodes encountered during surgery. However, the majority of studies retrieved suffered from major methodological limitations and a low level of evidence. NIRS validity vs jugular bulb oximetry is questioned together with its predictive value in identifying those who will suffer postoperatively from neurological deficits. The sole randomized controlled trial appears to have recorded negative results in this respect.
Conclusion
The clinical application of NIRS in heart surgery as a brain-monitoring device seems interesting. However, NIRS has to be investigated more rigorously to prove its clinical utility in cardiac surgery.
Résumé
Objectif
Répondre à ces questions: 1) La spectroscopie par infrarouge (SPIR) est-elle efficace pour la détection clinique de la désaturation cérébrale en chirurgie cardiaque? 2) Les résultats sont-ils fondés sur une solide méthodologie des études?
Sources
MEDLINE, Internet et une recherche manuelle jusqu’en février 2004 pour les articles en anglais et en français sur la SPIR. Constatations principales: Nous avons revu 48 articles, pour un total de 5931 interventions en cardiochirurgie avec monitorage par la SPIR. Plus de 83 % des patients avaient eu un pontage aortocoronarien. La majorité des études avec monitorage étaient prospectives. Du point de vue clinique, le monitorage avec la SPIR permet de détecter les épisodes de désaturation cérébrale survenus pendant la chirurgie. Cependant, la majorité des études avaient d’importantes limites méthodologiques et un faible niveau de preuve. La validité de la SPIR vs l’oxymétrie du bulbe jugulaire est mise en question, ainsi que sa valeur prédictive à détecter les patients qui vont souffrir de déficits neurologiques postopératoires. Le seul essai randomisé et contrôlé avait des résultats négatifs à cet égard.
Conclusion
L’application clinique de la SPIR en cardiochirurgie comme moniteur cérébral semble intéressante. Cependant, la SPIR doit être étudiée plus rigoureusement si on veut prouver son utilité clinique en chirurgie cardiaque.
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Funding sources: Montreal Heart Institute and Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec
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Taillefer, M.C., Denault, A.Y. Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy in adult heart surgery: systematic review of its clinical efficacy. Can J Anesth 52, 79–87 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018586
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018586