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Bioconversion of cellulosic materials to ethanol by filamentous fungi

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Book cover Enzymes and Products from Bacteria Fungi and Plant Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 45))

Abstract

The microbial production of ethanol and other solvents from renewable biomass is an attractive alternative to fuels and basic chemical feedstocks. Considerable efforts have been made in the past 10 years to improve the production of altenative fuel chemicals by various biological systems. Much current interest is focussed on the processes based on cellulosic and hemicellulosic feedstocks, the hydrolyzates of which contain a complex mixture of sugars. The technology to convert hexoses to ethanol is well established, however, conversion of pentoses and other sugars poses problems. Filamentous fungi belonging to the genera Fusarium, Monilia and Neurospora have been identified as potential organisms in recent years, that can convert cellulose directly to ethanol. Some species belonging to Fusarium, Mucor and Paecilomyces were also found to efficiently convert xylose to ethanol with high yields. Some fungal strains exhibited relatively higher ethanol and sugar tolerance. However, the major disadvantage with mycelial fungi for ethanol production is the slow bioconversion rate when compared to yeast. Potential bioethanol producing fungal strains, production of extracellular polysaccharases (cellulases and xylanases) and bioconversion of various carbohydrates are reviewed. The factors playing a significant role in determining culture variables and performance in lignocellulosic hydrolysate are discussed.

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  1. Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3, 3000, Hannover 1, FRG

    Ajay Singh, P. K. R. Kumar & K. Schügerl

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  1. Ajay Singh
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  2. P. K. R. Kumar
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© 1992 Springer-Verlag

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Singh, A., Kumar, P.K.R., Schügerl, K. (1992). Bioconversion of cellulosic materials to ethanol by filamentous fungi. In: Enzymes and Products from Bacteria Fungi and Plant Cells. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 45. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0008755

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0008755

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-55106-5

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