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A new model of experimental parotitis in rats and its implication for trigeminal nociception

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Abstract

A rat model of chronic parotitis was developed following a direct injection of Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the unilateral parotid gland via the parotid duct without skin incision. The nocifensive behavior, plasma extravasation in the parotid gland, and trigeminal Fos protein expression, a marker of neuronal activation, were analyzed in this model and compared to that of the saline-injected rats. A significant reduction of the escape threshold to mechanical stimulation of the lateral face on the ipsilateral side to the CFA injection was observed at 1–6 days after CFA injection as compared to that of the pre-CFA control (P<0.01). The lateral face region contralateral to the CFA injection also showed mechanical hyperalgesia at 1–6 days after injection (P<0.05). The plasma extravasation was significantly increased in the parotid gland ipsilateral to CFA injection as compared to that of the parotid gland with saline injection at 3 days after injection as shown by Evans' blue dye extravasation (P<0.05). Bilateral expression of Fos protein-like immunoreactive cells was observed in the transition zone between the trigeminal spinal nucleus interpolaris (Vi) and caudalis (Vc) and paratrigeminal nucleus (Pa5). On the other hand, a significant unilateral expression of Fos protein-positive cells was observed on the ipsilateral side of the upper cervical (C2) dorsal horn (P<0.05). This model of parotitis can be used to study trigeminal pain mechanisms associated with sialadenitis. A unique feature of this preparation is that the inflammation was limited to the parotid gland after intraductal injection of CFA, allowing analysis of peripheral input from a defined orofacial region. The model will be useful in developing new strategies to treat chronic orofacial pain.

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Fig. 1A, B.
Fig. 2A–F.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4A, B.
Fig. 5A–H.

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Abbreviations

NTS :

Nucleus tractus solitarius

ECu :

External cuneate nucleus

CFA :

Complete Freund's adjuvant

Cu :

Cuneate nucleus

Gr :

Gracile nucleus

IO :

Inferior olivary nucleus

LI :

Like-immunoreactivity

mlf :

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

Pa5 :

Paratrigeminal nucleus

PBS :

Phosphate-buffered saline

PG :

Parotid gland

Py :

Pyramidal tract

RVL :

Rostroventrolateral reticular nucleus

sol :

Solitary tract

sp5 :

Spinal trigeminal tract

Vi :

Subnucleus interpolaris of the spinal trigeminal nucleus

Vc :

Subnucleus caudalis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus

TB :

Tris buffer

TMJ :

Temporomandibular joint

Vi/Vc :

Trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris/subnucleus caudalis

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (14571761) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology to promote multi-disciplinary research projects, the Sato and Uemura Funds, Nihon University School of Dentistry, and the NIH grant DE11964 (K.R.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Nihon University, School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, 101-8310, Tokyo, Japan

    Y. Tsuboi, T. Sato & K. Iwata

  2. Departments of Dental Anesthesiology, Osaka University, Graduate School, Faculty of Dentistry 1-8, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita Osaka, Japan

    A. Ogawa

  3. Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA

    K. Ren

  4. Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 101-8310, Tokyo, Japan

    Y. Tsuboi & K. Iwata

  5. Institute for Oral Sciences, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Biology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, 399-0781, Nagano, Japan

    T. Morimoto

  6. Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), 332-0012, Kawaguchi , Japan

    K. Iwata

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  1. A. Ogawa
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  2. K. Ren
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  4. T. Morimoto
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  6. K. Iwata
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Correspondence to K. Iwata.

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Ogawa, A., Ren, K., Tsuboi, Y. et al. A new model of experimental parotitis in rats and its implication for trigeminal nociception. Exp Brain Res 152, 307–316 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1538-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1538-x

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