Skip to main content
Log in

Appetite at high altitude: an fMRI study on the impact of prolonged high-altitude residence on gustatory neural processing

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Experimental Brain Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Regulation of food intake is very important for health. It has been reported that people have decreased appetite at high altitude (HA). The current study recruited long-term HA residents to participate in an fMRI experiment which involved food craving. Result shows that the HA group showed decreased activation in the neural circuit for food craving, accompanied by decreased activation in regions for cognitive control and increased activation in regions for emotional processing. Such results also reflect the decreased gray matter volume and the hypometabolism mechanism under prolonged hypoxia stress at HA.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Boyer SJ, Blume FD (1984) Weight loss and changes in body composition at high altitude. J Appl Physiol 57:1580

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WJA, Harle LK (2005) Interactive effect of alcohol and nicotine on developing cerebellum: an investigation of the temporal pattern of alcohol and nicotine administration. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 29:437–442

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cox RW (1996) AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. Comput Biomed Res 29:162–173

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher RA (1915) Frequency distribution of the values of the correlation coefficient in samples of an indefinitely large population. Biometrika 10:507–521

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Corbetta M, Van Essen DC, Raichle ME (2005) The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. PNAS 102:9673–9678

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grandison L, Guidotti A (1977) Stimulation of food intake by muscimol and beta endorphin. Neuropharmacology 16:533–536

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grant S, London ED, Newlin DB, Villemagne VL, Liu X, Contoreggi C, Phillips RL, Kimes AS, Margolin A (1996) Activation of memory circuits during cue-elicited cocaine craving. PNAS 93:12040

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guilland JC, Klepping J (1985) Nutritional alterations at high altitude in man. Eur J Appl Physiol 54:517–523

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamad N, Travis SPL (2006) Weight loss at high altitude: pathophysiology and practical implications. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18:5–10

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinton EC, Parkinson JA, Holland AJ, Arana FS (2004) Neural contributions to the motivational control of appetite in humans. Eur J Neurosci 20:1411–1418

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hochachka PW, Clark CM, Brown WD, Stanley C, Stone CK, Nickles RJ, Zhu GG, Allen PS, Holden JE (1994) The brain at high altitude: hypometabolism as a defense against chronic hypoxia? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14:671–679

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hochachka PW, Clark CM, Matheson GO, Brown WD, Stone CK, Nickles RJ, Holden JE (1999) Effects on regional brain metabolism of high-altitude hypoxia: a study of six US marines. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 277:R314–R319

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kayser B (1992) Nutrition and high altitude exposure. Int J Sports Med 13:S129–S132

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kelley AE, Baldo BA, Pratt WE (2005) A proposed hypothalamic-thalamic-striatal axis for the integration of energy balance, arousal, and food reward. J Comp Neurol 493:72–85

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kensinger EA, Corkin S (2004) Two routes to emotional memory: distinct neural processes for valence and arousal. PNAS 101:3310

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Killgore WDS, Yurgelun-Todd DA (2005) Developmental changes in the functional brain responses of adolescents to images of high and low-calorie foods. Dev Psychobiol 47:377–397

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Killgore WDS, Yurgelun-Todd DA (2006) Affect modulates appetite-related brain activity to images of food. Int J Eat Disord 39:357–363

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura H, Kuriyama K (1975) Distribution of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the rat hypothalamus: functional correlates of gaba with activities of appetite controlling mechanisms. J Neurochem 24:903–907

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moore LG, Niermeyer S, Vargas E (2007) Does chronic mountain sickness (CMS) have perinatal origins? Respir Physiol Neurobiol 158:180–189

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olbrich HM, Valerius G, Paris C, Hagenbuch F, Ebert D, Juengling FD (2006) Brain activation during craving for alcohol measured by positron emission tomography. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 40:171–178

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelchat ML, Johnson A, Chan R, Valdez J, Ragland JD (2004) Images of desire: food-craving activation during fMRI. Neuroimage 23:1486–1493

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Porubsk K, Veit R, Preissl H, Fritsche A, Birbaumer N (2006) Subjective feeling of appetite modulates brain activity: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 32:1273–1280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raichle ME, MacLeod AM, Snyder AZ, Powers WJ, Gusnard DA, Shulman GL (2001) A default mode of brain function. PNAS 98:676–682

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rolls ET (2000) The orbitofrontal cortex and reward. Cereb Cortex 10:284

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rousseaux M, Muller P, Gahide I, Mottin Y, Romon M (1996) Disorders of smell, taste, and food intake in a patient with a dorsomedial thalamic infarct. Stroke 27:2328

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santel S, Baving L, Krauel K, Munte TF, Rotte M (2006) Hunger and satiety in anorexia nervosa: fMRI during cognitive processing of food pictures. Brain Res 1114:138–148

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simmons WK, Martin A, Barsalou LW (2005) Pictures of appetizing foods activate gustatory cortices for taste and reward. Cereb Cortex 15:1602

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Talairach J, Tournoux P (1988) Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain: 3-dimensional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging. Thieme, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Tschop M, Morrison KM (2001) Weight loss at high altitude. In: Robert C, Roach PDW, Hackett PH (eds) Hypoxia: from genes to the bedside. Springer, USA, p 237

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner BM, Paradiso S, Marvel CL, Pierson R, Boles Ponto LL, Hichwa RD, Robinson RG (2007) The cerebellum and emotional experience. Neuropsychologia 45:1331–1341

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westerterp KR (2001) Energy and water balance at high altitude. News Physiol Sci 16:134–136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Westerterp KR, Rubbens M, Verwegen CRT, Richelet JP, Gardette B (1999) Appetite at “high altitude” [Operation Everest III (Comex-’97)]: a simulated ascent of Mount Everest. J Appl Physiol 87:391

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yan X, Zhang J, Gong Q, Weng X (2010a) Prolonged high altitude residence impacts verbal working memory: an fMRI study. Experimental Brain Research In press

  • Yan X, Zhang J, Shi J, Gong Q, Weng X (2010b) Cerebral and functional adaptation with chronic hypoxia exposure: a multi-modal MRI study. Brain Res 1348:21–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jiaxing Zhang or Xuchu Weng.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOC 358 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yan, X., Zhang, J., Gong, Q. et al. Appetite at high altitude: an fMRI study on the impact of prolonged high-altitude residence on gustatory neural processing. Exp Brain Res 209, 495–499 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2516-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2516-8

Keywords

Navigation