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DNA microarray technology for the microbiologist: an overview

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Abstract

DNA microarrays have found widespread use as a flexible tool to investigate bacterial metabolism. Their main advantage is the comprehensive data they produce on the transcriptional response of the whole genome to an environmental or genetic stimulus. This allows the microbiologist to monitor metabolism and to define stimulons and regulons. Other fields of application are the identification of microorganisms or the comparison of genomes. The importance of this technology increases with the number of sequenced genomes and the falling prices for equipment and oligonucleotides. Knowledge of DNA microarrays is of rising relevance for many areas in microbiological research. Much literature has been published on various specific aspects of this technique that can be daunting to the casual user and beginner. This article offers a comprehensive outline of microarray technology for transcription analysis in microbiology. It shortly discusses the types of DNA microarrays available, the printing of custom arrays, common labeling strategies for targets, hybridization, scanning, normalization, and clustering of expression data.

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Acknowledgments

The author wants to thank Profs. G. Gottschalk, W. Liebl, and B. Bowien for their support. He is also grateful to Drs. T. Mascher, P. Ehrenreich, and B. Veith for critically reading the manuscript. The microarray core facility in the institute of microbiology and genetics is part of the competence network Göttingen “Genome Research on Bacteria” funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).

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Ehrenreich, A. DNA microarray technology for the microbiologist: an overview. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 73, 255–273 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0584-2

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