Abstract
From 1975 to 1997, 649 cases of benign giant cell tumours of the bone were treated at the Istituto Rizzoli. Fourteen patients (2.1%) experienced lung metastases after a mean of 35.2 months. The time interval between the diagnosis and the appearance of the lung metastases ranged from 3 months to 11.9 years. Metastasectomy was performed in all patients. Histologically, the metastases were identical to the primary bone lesions. Two patients with unresectable multiple metastases received additional chemotherapy. After a follow-up of 70 months (range: 8.2 to 185 months), all patients are alive. Ten patients showed no evidence of disease, one of these after a second resection of metastases, and four patients presented stable disease with multiple lung metastases. Local recurrence of the bone lesion occurred in seven patients before or simultaneously to the metastases. In contrast to previous reports, we could not detect a predominance of the distal radius, but all of the patients had a stage III tumour according to the Enneking criteria of benign lesions. We conclude that even metastatic benign giant cell tumours have an excellent prognosis after adequate resection. No prognostic factors despite high-grade lesions were detectable.
Résumé
Entre 1975 et 1997, 649 cas de tumeurs à cellules géantes ont été traités à l’Institut Rizzoli. Quatorze patients (2.1%) ont présenté une métastase pulmonaire après une évolution moyenne de 35,2 mois. Le temps intermédiaire entre le diagnostic et l’apparition d’une métastase a varié de 3 mois à 11.9 ans. Chez tous les patients, la résection de la métastase a été réalisée, histologiquement, les métastases étaient identiques aux lésions primaires. Deux patients pour lesquels la résection de métastases multiples n’a pas été possible ont bénéficié d’une chimiothérapie. Après une moyenne de 70 mois (8.2 à 185 mois) tous les patients sont en vie. Dix patients ne montrent aucun problème particulier. Parmi les patients ayant bénéficié d’une seconde résection de métastase, quatre présentent un état stable malgré des métastases pulmonaires multiples. La récidive locale de la tumeur est survenue chez sept patients avant ou de façon concomitante à l’apparition des métastases. Contrairement à une étude précédente, nous n’avons pas remarqué de prédominance de lésions de l’extrémité inférieure du radius. Tous les patients avaient une tumeur de stade 3 selon les critères de Enneking. Nous pouvons conclure que, malgré une métastase, les tumeurs à cellules géantes bénignes peuvent avoir un excellent pronostic après une résection correcte. Nous n’avons pas mis en évidence de facteur de pronostic défavorable malgré le grade élevé des lésions.
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Dominkus, M., Ruggieri, P., Bertoni, F. et al. Histologically verified lung metastases in benign giant cell tumours—14 cases from a single institution. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 30, 499–504 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0204-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0204-x