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Characterization of VvSERK1, VvSERK2, VvSERK3 and VvL1L genes and their expression during somatic embryogenesis of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

  • Cell Biology and Morphogenesis
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Abstract

Little is known about the genes expressed during grapevine somatic embryogenesis. Both groups of Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) and Leafy Cotyledon (LEC and L1L) genes seem to play key roles during somatic embryogenesis in various plant species. Therefore, we identified and analysed the sequences of VvSERK and VvL1L (Leafy cotyledon1-Like) genes. The deduced amino acid sequences of VvSERK1, VvSERK2 and VvSERK3 are very similar to that of registered SERK proteins, with highest homologies for the kinase domain in the C-terminal region. The amino acid sequence of VvL1L presents all the domains that are characteristic for LEC1 and L1L proteins, particularly, the 16 amino acid residues that serve as signature of the B-domain. Phylogenetic analysis distinguishes members of subclass LEC1 and subclass L1L, and VvL1L is closely related to L1L proteins. Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, we studied gene expression of VvSERK1, VvSERK2, VvSERK3 and VvL1L in calli and somatic embryos obtained from anther culture of Vitis vinifera L. cv Chardonnay. Expression of VvSERK2 is relatively stable during in vitro culture. In contrast, VvSERK1, VvSERK3 and VvL1L are expressed more 4 to 6 weeks after transfer of the calli onto embryo induction medium, before the visible appearance of embryos on the calli as seen by environmental scanning electron microscopy. Later on (8 weeks after transfer) VvSERK1 expression is maintained in the embryogenic calli and VvSERK3 in the embryos, whereas VvL1L expression is very low. All together, these data suggest the involvement of VvSERK and VvL1L genes in grapevine somatic embryogenesis.

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Abbreviations

2, 4-D:

2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

BAP:

6-Benzylaminopurine

FAA:

Formaldehyde-acetic acid-alcohol

LEC:

Leafy cotyledon

L1L:

Leafy cotyledon1-like

MS:

Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium

NAA:

1-naphthaleneacetic acid

NOA:

naphtoacetic acid

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

RT-PCR:

Reverse Transcriptase PCR

SERK:

Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase

STKs:

Serine-threonine kinases

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the “French-Italian Public Consortium for Grapevine Genome Characterization” to have made available the data of the Genoscope. We acknowledge Loïc Vidal (ICSI, UHA, Mulhouse, France) for the realization of environmental scanning electron micrographs.

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  1. Alban Jacques

    Present address: Botanical Institute of Cologne University, Gyrhofstr. 15, 50931, Cologne, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 50568, 68008, Colmar, France

    Paul Schellenbaum, Alban Jacques, Pascale Maillot, Christophe Bertsch, Flore Mazet, Sibylle Farine & Bernard Walter

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  1. Paul Schellenbaum
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  2. Alban Jacques
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Correspondence to Paul Schellenbaum.

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Communicated by A. Feher.

Paul Schellenbaum and Alban Jacques contributed equally to this work.

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Schellenbaum, P., Jacques, A., Maillot, P. et al. Characterization of VvSERK1, VvSERK2, VvSERK3 and VvL1L genes and their expression during somatic embryogenesis of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Plant Cell Rep 27, 1799–1809 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0588-8

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