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Mammary cancer susceptibility: human genes and rodent models

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Abstract

Breast cancer is a complex disease, showing a strong genetic component. Several human susceptibility genes have been identified, especially in the last few months. Most of these genes are low-penetrance genes and it is clear that numerous other susceptibility genes remain to be identified. The function of several susceptibility genes indicates that one critical biological pathway is the DNA damage response. However, other pathways certainly play a significant role in breast cancer susceptibility. Rodent models of breast cancer are useful models in two respects. They can help identify new mammary susceptibility genes by taking advantage of the very divergent susceptibilities exhibited by different mouse or rat strains and carrying out relevant genetic analyses. They also provide investigators with experimental systems that can help decipher the mechanism(s) of resistance to mammary cancer. Recent genetic and biological results obtained with mouse and especially with rat strains indicate that (1) numerous quantitative trait loci control mammary cancer susceptibility or resistance, with distinct loci acting in different strains, and (2) distinct resistance mechanisms operate in different rat resistant strains, precocious mammary differentiation being one of these mechanisms.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the reviewers for comments and suggestions that improved the article. Recent work done in the authors’ laboratory was supported by the Fund for Scientific Medical Research (FRSM, 3.4517.05), the Fund for Collective Fundamental Research (FRFC, 2.4565.04), the National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS, Télévie, 7.4620.07 and 7.4530.06), and the FP6 programme EURATools. C. Szpirer is a research director of the FNRS (Belgium).

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  1. Institut de Biologie et de Médecine Moléculaires, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue Profs Jeener & Brachet, 12, B-6041, Gosselies (Charleroi), Belgium

    Claude Szpirer & Josiane Szpirer

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Szpirer, C., Szpirer, J. Mammary cancer susceptibility: human genes and rodent models. Mamm Genome 18, 817–831 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00335-007-9073-x

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