Abstract
Purpose
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role as regulators of gene expression in tumourigenesis by controlling many biological processes in growth, development, differentiation and apoptosis. Previous studies have shown an altered expression of specific miRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). But the function in cancerogenesis and metastasis in this tumour type is almost unknown. We aimed at identifying specific miRNA expression patterns that are associated with metastasis and prognosis in ccRCC patients.
Methods
MiRNA of 30 human ccRCC including ten non-metastatic tumours, four tumours with metastasis after 3 years or later and four tumours with primary metastasis was isolated. We analysed the miRNA expression by using microarrays and qRT-PCR.
Results
We detected a miRNA signature that distinguishes between metastatic and non-metastatic ccRCC, including miR-451, miR-221, miR-30a, miR-10b and miR-29a. Furthermore, we identified a group of 12 miRNAs, such as let-7 family, miR-30c, miR-26a, which are decreased in highly aggressive primary metastatic tumours. We found also correlations between expression levels of specific miRNAs with progression-free survival and overall survival.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that specific miRNAs are involved in metastasis and have an impact on the progression of the ccRCC. Furthermore, we identified specific miRNAs characterising very aggressive tumours with early metastasis. In addition, we determined candidate markers associated with survival of the patients. Thus, it seems possible to use miRNAs for prediction of progression to distant metastasis and prognosis analysing the primary tumour.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ferlay J, Autier P, Boniol M, Heanue M, Colombet M, Boyle P (2007) Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006. Ann Oncol 18:581–592
Thoenes W, Storkel S, Rumpelt HJ (1986) Histopathology and classification of renal cell tumors (adenomas, oncocytomas and carcinomas). The basic cytological and histopathological elements and their use for diagnostics. Pathol Res Pract 181:125–143
Störkel S, van den Berg E (1995) Morphological classification of renal cancer. World J Urol 13:153–158
Ljungberg B (2004) Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma. Urologe A 43(Suppl 3):S119–S120
Nicoloso MS, Spizzo R, Shimizu M, Rossi S, Calin GA (2009) MicroRNAs—the micro steering wheel of tumour metastases. Nat Rev Cancer 9:293–302
Bartel DP (2004) MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 116:281–297
Croce CM, Calin GA (2005) miRNAs, cancer, and stem cell division. Cell 122:6–7
Yi Z, Fu Y, Zhao S, Zhang X, Ma C (2010) Differential expression of miRNA patterns in renal cell carcinoma and nontumorous tissues. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 136:855–862
Nakada C, Matsuura K, Tsukamoto Y, Tanigawa M, Yoshimoto T, Narimatsu T, Nguyen LT, Hijiya N, Uchida T, Sato F et al (2008) Genome-wide microRNA expression profiling in renal cell carcinoma: significant down-regulation of miR-141 and miR-200c. J Pathol 216:418–427
Juan D, Alexe G, Antes T, Liu H, Madabhushi A, Delisi C, Ganesan S, Bhanot G, Liou LS (2009) Identification of a microRNA panel for clear-cell kidney cancer. Urology 75:835–841
Chow TF, Youssef YM, Lianidou E, Romaschin AD, Honey RJ, Stewart R, Pace KT, Yousef GM (2009) Differential expression profiling of microRNAs and their potential involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis. Clin Biochem (in press), Uncorrected proof
Esquela-Kerscher A, Slack FJ (2006) Oncomirs [mdash] microRNAs with a role in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 6:259–269
Calin GA, Croce CM (2006) MicroRNA signatures in human cancers. Nat Rev Cancer 6:857–866
Slaby O, Jancovicova J, Lakomy R, Svoboda M, Poprach A, Fabian P, Kren L, Michalek J, Vyzula R (2010) Expression of miRNA-106b in conventional renal cell carcinoma is a potential marker for prediction of early metastasis after nephrectomy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 29:90
Sengupta S, den Boon JA, Chen IH, Newton MA, Stanhope SA, Cheng Y-J, Chen C-J, Hildesheim A, Sugden B, Ahlquist P (2008) MicroRNA 29c is down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinomas, up-regulating mRNAs encoding extracellular matrix proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci 105:5874–5878
Ramaswamy S, Ross KN, Lander ES, Golub TR (2003) A molecular signature of metastasis in primary solid tumors. Nat Genet 33:49–54
Fabbri M, Garzon R, Cimmino A, Liu Z, Zanesi N, Callegari E, Liu S, Alder H, Costinean S, Fernandez-Cymering C et al (2007) MicroRNA-29 family reverts aberrant methylation in lung cancer by targeting DNA methyltransferases 3A and 3B. Proc Natl Acad Sci 104:15805–15810
Dangi-Garimella S, Yun J, Eves EM, Newman M, Erkeland SJ, Hammond SM, Minn AJ, Rosner MR (2009) Raf kinase inhibitory protein suppresses a metastasis signalling cascade involving LIN28 and let-7. EMBO J 28:347–358
Takamizawa J, Konishi H, Yanagisawa K, Tomida S, Osada H, Endoh H, Harano T, Yatabe Y, Nagino M, Nimura Y et al (2004) Reduced expression of the let-7 microRNAs in human lung cancers in association with shortened postoperative survival. Cancer Res 64:3753–3756
Scott GK, Goga A, Bhaumik D, Berger CE, Sullivan CS, Benz CC (2007) Coordinate suppression of ERBB2 and ERBB3 by enforced expression of micro-RNA miR-125a or miR-125b. J Biol Chem 282:1479–1486
Baffa R, Fassan M, Volinia S, O’Hara B, Liu CG, Palazzo JP, Gardiman M, Rugge M, Gomella LG, Croce CM, Rosenberg A (2009) MicroRNA expression profiling of human metastatic cancers identifies cancer gene targets. J Pathol 219:214–221
Acknowledgments
We like to thank Franka Räck and Dr. Fabricio F. Costa for critically reading this manuscript.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Heinzelmann, J., Henning, B., Sanjmyatav, J. et al. Specific miRNA signatures are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. World J Urol 29, 367–373 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-010-0633-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-010-0633-4