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Rice lesion mimic mutants with enhanced resistance to diseases

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Abstract

Lesion mimic mutants are characterized by the formation of necrotic lesions in the absence of pathogens. Such genetic defects often result in enhanced resistance to pathogen infection and constitutive expression of defense response genes. To understand the genetic mechanisms leading to these mutations, we characterized 21 lesion mimic mutants isolated from IR64 rice mutant populations produced by mutagenesis with diepoxybutane (D), gamma rays (G), and fast neutrons (F). Four mutations are controlled by single dominant genes, one of which is inherited maternally. Five lesion mimics are allelic to known spotted leaf (spl) mutants spl1, spl2, spl3, or spl6. In total, 11 new lesion mimic mutations, named spl16, spl17, and spl19 through Spl27, were established based on allelism tests. Two lesion mimics, spl17 and Spl26 showed enhanced resistance to multiple strains of Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast pathogen, and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacterial blight (BB) pathogen. Co-segregation analyses of blast and BB resistance and lesion mimic phenotypes in segregating populations of spl17 and Spl26 indicate that enhanced resistance to the two diseases is conferred by mutations in the lesion mimic genes. A double mutant produced from two independent lesion mimics showed more severe lesions and higher level of resistance to X. o. pv. oryzae than their single mutant parents indicating a synergistic effect of the two mutations. In mutants that exhibit enhanced disease resistance to both pathogens, increases in expression of defense response genes PR-10a, POX22.3, and PO-C1 were correlated with lesion mimic development and enhancement of resistance. These lesion mimic mutants may provide essential materials for a comprehensive dissection of the disease resistance pathways in rice.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the technical help of Pedro Reaño, Alexander Ramos, and Benedicto Consignado. We also thank Violeta Bartolome for assistance in statistical analyses. The work was supported in part by grants from the Rockefeller Foundation and Swiss Development Cooperation (HL) and USDA-CSREES-NRI grant 2003–3519 13285 (JEL and HL), the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station (JEL).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO BOX 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines

    Changjian Wu, Alicia Bordeos, Ma. Reina Suzette Madamba, Marietta Baraoidan, Marilou Ramos & Hei Leung

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 68502, USA

    Changjian Wu & Jan E. Leach

  3. Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Guo-liang Wang

  4. Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management and Department and Program in Plant Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA

    Jan E. Leach

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  1. Changjian Wu
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  2. Alicia Bordeos
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  3. Ma. Reina Suzette Madamba
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  4. Marietta Baraoidan
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Correspondence to Hei Leung.

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C. Wu and A. Bordeos contributed equally to the work.

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438_2008_337_MOESM2_ESM.ppt

Figure S1. Differences in reduction in lesion lengths in IR64-derived lesion mimic spl17 relative to IR64 when inoculated with four Philippine strains of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in two tests (done in October 2004 and February 2005). Reduction in lesion length was greater in the October 2004 test. Effect of different environmental conditions (temperature and solar radiation) prevailing during the growth period of the plants on degree of mimic expression is inferred. Data on daily solar radiation and temperature were taken at the IRRI Experimental Station and provided by the IRRI Climate Unit. Error bars in the lesion lengths indicate + SE from averages of three replications. (PPT 208 kb)

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Wu, C., Bordeos, A., Madamba, M.R.S. et al. Rice lesion mimic mutants with enhanced resistance to diseases. Mol Genet Genomics 279, 605–619 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-008-0337-2

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