Summary.
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype has been shown to influence results in neuroimaging studies using a number of various imaging modalities. No in vivo data exists on whether or not there are ApoE-related changes observable by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In this study we measured absolute peak areas of proton MR spectra obtained from the occipital cortex in 22 non-demented elderly with (n = 8) or without (n = 14) the ApoE ε4 allele. No statistically significant differences were found in levels of N-acetyl aspartate, myo-inositol, or choline containing compounds between the groups. Instead, compared with the non-carriers, the levels of creatine were significantly lower in the ε4 carriers, suggesting increased metabolic demands in the brain of the ε4 carriers. The levels of creatine also correlated significantly with age and performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination test in the ε4 carriers, but not in the non-carriers. These findings may be of significant clinical interest as potential indicator of incipient AD, and also from therapeutical point of view given the potential neuroprotective effects of creatine.
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Received February 18, 2002; accepted August 5, 2002 Published online December 9, 2002
Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Research Council for Health of the Academy of Finland, the Finnish Neurology Foundation, the Instrumentarium Research Foundation, and the Farmos Research Foundation.
Authors' address: M. Laakso, Department of Neurology, Bldg. 5, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O.Box 1777, 70211 Kuopio, Finland, e-mail: mikko.laakso@uku.fi
Abbreviations AD Alzheimer's disease, ApoE apolipoprotein E, MI myo-inositol, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, MRS magnetic resonance spectroscopy, NAA N-acetyl aspartate.
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Laakso, M., Hiltunen, Y., Könönen, M. et al. Decreased brain creatine levels in elderly apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers. J Neural Transm 110, 267–275 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-002-0783-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-002-0783-7