Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Ten-year increase in service use in the Dutch population

  • ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
  • Published:
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since earlier research has indicated an increase in mental health problems among Dutch children, we investigated whether service use for mental health problems has also increased. Subsequently, we investigated whether a possible increase could be explained by child, family and socio-demographic characteristics that increase the likelihood of service use. We compared two population samples of 6- to 18-year-olds, one assessed in 1993 and one in 2003. Chi-square tests were conducted to examine differences between the proportions of service-users. We performed a logistic regression to test whether care-promoting factors accounted for the effect of year. Results showed that service use increased from 1993 to 2003, but not among children with high CBCL scores. Having serious problems, living in a family other than two biological parents, and having educational problems all increased the likelihood of service use and became more present in the Dutch population. These variables accounted for 49% reduction in the Odds Ratio of the effect of year. Although the proportion of children who used services increased from 1993 to 2003, still a large number of children experience an unmet need. The increase in the number of children from a family structure other than two biological parents or who have educational problems is a worrisome development in itself.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Achenbach TM (1997) Manual for the Young Adult Self-Report and Young Adult Behavior Checklist. VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families, Burlington

  2. Achenbach TM, Dumenci L, Rescorla LA (2003) Are American children’s problems still getting worse? A 23-year comparison. J Abnorm Child Psychol 31:1–11

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA (2003) Manual for the ASEBA Adult Forms & Profiles. VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth & Families, Burlington

  4. Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA (2001) Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles. VT: University of Vermont Research Center for Children, Youth & Families, Burlington

  5. Amato PR (2001) Children of divorce in the 1990s: an update of the Amato and Keith (1991) meta-analysis. J Fam Psychol 15:355–370

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. CBS (2001) Standard Classification of Occupations. Central Bureau of Statistics, Heerlen/Voorburg

  7. CBS (2007) Statline Databank; Central Bureau of Statistics. http://www.cbs.nl/nl-NL/default.html. Accessed 3 January, 2008

  8. Cohen J (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences, 2nd edn. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Hillsdale, New Jersey

    Google Scholar 

  9. Collishaw S, Maughan B, Goodman R, Pickles A (2004) Time trends in adolescent mental health. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 45:1350–1362

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Costello EJ, Egger H, Angold A (2005) 10-year research update review: the epidemiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: I. Methods and public health burden. J of the Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44:972–986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Costello EJ, Foley DL, Angold A (2006b) 10-year research update review: the epidemiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: II. Developmental epidemiology. J of the Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 45:8–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (2008) www.brancherapporten.minvws.nl/ object_document/o686n16564.html. Accessed 3 January, 2008

  13. Fombonne E, Wostear G, Cooper V, Harrington R, Rutter M (2001) The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression. 1. Psychiatric outcomes in adulthood. Br J Psychiatry 179:210–217

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Fombonne E, Wostear G, Cooper V, Harrington R, Rutter M (2001) The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression. 2. Suicidality, criminality and social dysfunction in adulthood. Br J Psychiatry 179:218–223

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hess LE (1995) Changing family patterns in Western Europe: opportunity and risk factors for adolescent development. In: Rutter M, Smith DJ (eds) Psychosocial disorders in young people: time trends and their causes. Wiley, Chichester pp 104–193

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hofstra MB, Van der Ende J, Verhulst FC (2000) Continuity and change of psychopathology from childhood into adulthood: a 14-year follow-up study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39:850–858

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hughes Jr R, Hans JD (2001) Computers, the Internet and families. J Fam Issues 22:776–790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kanter RK, Moran JR (2006) Recent trends in pediatric hospitalization in New York state. J Pediatr 148:637–641

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kessler RC, Berglund PA, Foster CL, Saunders WB, Stang PE, Walters EE (1997) Social consequences of psychiatric disorders, II: Teenage parenthood. Am J Psychiatry 154:1405–1411

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kessler RC, Foster CL, Saunders WB, Stang PE (1995) Social consequences of psychiatric disorders, I: Educational attainment. Am J Psychiatry 152:1026–1032

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Knapp M, McCrone P, Fombonne E, Beecham J, Wostear G (2002) The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression: 3. Impact of comorbid conduct disorder on service use and costs in adulthood. Br J Psychiatry 180:19–23

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ma J, Lee KV, Stafford RS (2005) Depression treatment during outpatient visits by U.S. children and adolescents. J Adolesc Health 37:434–442

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Mackenbach JP, Bakker MJ (2003) Tackling socioeconomic inequalities in health: analysis of European experiences. Lancet 362:1409–1414

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Mackenbach JP, Stronks K (2002) A strategy for tackling health inequalities in the Netherlands. Bmj 325:1029–1032

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. McCrone P, Knapp M, Fombonne E (2005) The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression. Predicting costs in adulthood. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 14:407–413

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Najman JM, Behrens BC, Andersen M, Bor W, O’Callaghan M, Williams GM (1997) Impact of family type and family quality on child behavior problems: a longitudinal study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36:1357–1365

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. NJI (2008) www.nji.nl. Accessed 3 January, 2008

  28. Olfson M, Blanco C, Liu L, Moreno C, Laje G (2006) National trends in the outpatient treatment of children and adolescents with antipsychotic drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63:679–685

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Olfson M, Gameroff MJ, Marcus SC, Greenberg T, Shaffer D (2005) National trends in hospitalization of youth with intentional self-inflicted injuries. Am J Psychiatry 162:1328–1335

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Olfson M, Gameroff MJ, Marcus SC, Jensen PS (2003) National trends in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 160:1071–1077

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Robison LM, Skaer TL, Sclar DA, Galin RS (2002) Is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Increasing Among Girls? CNS Drugs 16:129–137

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Sayal K (2006) Annotation: Pathways to care for children with mental health problems. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 47:649–659

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Sourander A, Santalahti P, Haavisto A, Piha J, IkAheimo K, Helenius H (2004) Have there been changes in children’s psychiatric symptoms and mental health service use? A 10-year comparison from Finland. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 43:1134–1145

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Tick NT, van der Ende J, Verhulst FC (2007) Twenty-year Trends in Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Dutch Children in a Changing Society. Acta Psychiatr Scand 116:473–82

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Toh S (2006) Datapoints: trends in ADHD and stimulant use among children, 1993–2003. Psychiatr Serv 57:1091

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Van Westerlaak JM, Kropman, JA, Collaris JWM (1975) Beroepenklapper (Index of Occupations). Instituut voor toegepaste sociologie, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

  37. Verhulst FC, van der Ende J (1997) Factors associated with child mental health service use in the community. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36:901–909

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Verhulst FC, van der Ende J, Ferdinand RF, Kasius MC (1997) The prevalence of DSM-III-R diagnoses in a national sample of Dutch adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54:329–336

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Zito JM, Safer DJ, DosReis S, Gardner JF, Soeken K, Boles M, Lynch F (2002) Rising prevalence of antidepressants among US youths. Pediatrics 109:721–727

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Zwaanswijk M, Van der Ende J, Verhaak PF, Bensing JM, Verhulst FC (2003) Factors associated with adolescent mental health service need and utilization. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 42:692–700

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Zwaanswijk M, Verhaak PF, Bensing JM, van der Ende J, Verhulst FC (2003) Help seeking for emotional and behavioural problems in children and adolescents: a review of recent literature. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 12:153–161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Nouchka T. Tick PhD, Jan van der Ende MSc & Frank C. Verhulst MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Nouchka T. Tick PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jan van der Ende MSc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Frank C. Verhulst MD, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jan van der Ende MSc.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tick, N.T., van der Ende, J. & Verhulst, F.C. Ten-year increase in service use in the Dutch population. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 17, 373–380 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-0679-7

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-0679-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation