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The changing patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt over the past 26 years

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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate temporal changes in histopathological types of bladder cancer and to assess associated changes in demographic, epidemiologic, and lifestyle risk factors.

Methods

We abstracted data from all available medical records from the National Cancer Institute of Cairo University (NCI-Cairo). Six calendar years representing 5-year periods between 1980 and 2005 were evaluated. Information on demographics, schistosomal infection, clinical symptoms of bladder cancer, and tumor pathology was abstracted.

Results

During this 26-year period, important changes in the frequency of histopathological types of bladder cancer occurred. We found a statistically significant association between time period of diagnosis and histopathological type. Patients diagnosed in 2005 had a sixfold higher odds associated with transitional cell carcinoma compared to those patients diagnosed in 1980 (odds ratio (OR) 6.00 (95% CI 4.00–8.97)).

Conclusions

These data strongly suggest that the histopathological profile of bladder cancer in Egypt has changed significantly over the past 26 years. Historically, squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant form of bladder cancer in Egypt; however transitional cell carcinoma has become the most frequent type. These results corroborate findings from a few small-scale hospital-based studies which conclude that the etiology of bladder cancer in Egypt has changed significantly over the past 26 years.

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Acknowledgments

This work represents the successful collaboration of several cancer centers in Egypt. As such, the authors wish to thank the Pathology, Statistics, Medical Oncology, and Radiotherapy Departments at the NCI-Cairo, the Tanta Cancer Registry Group, and the Minia Cancer Center for their help with this study. Ashley Felix was supported by a travel fellowship from the Office of International Affairs at the National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD. This study was also made possible through the University of Michigan Cancer Center Support Grant (Grant # 5 P30 CA46592), the University of Michigan School of Public Health Global Health Interdepartmental Concentrations Program, and the Cancer Epidemiology Education in Special Populations Program (Grant # R25 CA112383).

Ashley Felix was supported by a travel fellowship from the Office of International Affairs at the National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD. This study was also made possible through the University of Michigan Cancer Center Support Grant (Grant # 5 P30 CA46592), the University of Michigan School of Public Health Global Health Interdepartmental Concentrations Program, and the Cancer Epidemiology Education in Special Populations (Grant # R25 CA112383).

Conflict of interest

The authors of this study have no conflicts of interest to report.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 S. Observatory, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Ashley S. Felix, Amr S. Soliman & Mark L. Wilson

  2. The National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt

    Hussein Khaled, Mohamed S. Zaghloul, Manal El-Baradie & Mohamed El-Kalawy

  3. Minia Cancer Center, Mina, Egypt

    Mohamed S. Zaghloul

  4. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Mousumi Banerjee

  5. Department of Public Health and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

    Alaa A. Abd-Elsayed

  6. Gharbiah Population-based Cancer Registry, Tanta, Egypt

    Kadry Ismail, Ahmed Hablas, Ibrahim A. Seifeldin & Mohamed Ramadan

Authors
  1. Ashley S. Felix
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  2. Amr S. Soliman
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  3. Hussein Khaled
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  4. Mohamed S. Zaghloul
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  9. Kadry Ismail
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  11. Ibrahim A. Seifeldin
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  12. Mohamed Ramadan
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  13. Mark L. Wilson
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amr S. Soliman.

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Felix, A.S., Soliman, A.S., Khaled, H. et al. The changing patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt over the past 26 years. Cancer Causes Control 19, 421–429 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-007-9104-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-007-9104-7

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