Abstract
Objective
We designed a case-referent study to investigate the effect of mammographic screening at the individual level, looking at the association of breast cancer death with screening history.
Methods
The study population included all women aged 50–75 in the province of Limburg, the Netherlands who had been invited to the screening program from 1989 to 2006. From this population, 118 cases originated who died of breast cancer in 2004 or 2005. The screening history of these cases was collected and compared with a sample of the invited population. The breast cancer death rate in the screened relative to the unscreened women was estimated as the odds ratio (OR). This OR was adjusted for self-selection bias, the difference in baseline risk for breast cancer death between screened and unscreened women.
Results
Analysis of the data showed a breast cancer mortality reduction of 70% in the screened versus the unscreened women (OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.14–0.63). The magnitude of self-selection was estimated specifically for Limburg. After correction for self-selection bias, the effect of screening increased to 76% (OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.10–0.58).
Conclusion
Screening resulted in a remarkable reduction in breast cancer mortality. Contrary to findings in other countries, adjustment for self-selection in Limburg had no influence on the impact of screening. Thanks to a well-organized centralized screening program, similar results are expected in other regions of the Netherlands.
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Acknowledgments
This study was funded by a grant from the Dutch Cancer Society (project number: KUN 2006-3571). The funding source had no involvement in the study. We thank both the Comprehensive Cancer Centre Limburg and Statistics Netherlands for providing the data for this study. We thank Roger Staats for his contribution to this paper as a medical writer. He works at “Radboud in’ to Languages” Radboud University Nijmegen.
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Paap, E., Holland, R., Heeten, G.J.d. et al. A remarkable reduction of breast cancer deaths in screened versus unscreened women: a case-referent study. Cancer Causes Control 21, 1569–1573 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-010-9585-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-010-9585-7