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Immune cells as mediators of solid tumor metastasis

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Abstract

Outgrowths of disseminated metastases remain the primary cause of mortality in cancer patients; however, molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating metastatic spread remain largely elusive. Recent insights into these mechanisms have refined the seed and soil hypothesis and it is now recognized that metastasis of solid tumors requires collaborative interactions between malignant cells and a diverse assortment of “activated” stromal cells at both primary and secondary tumor locations. Specifically, persistent pro-tumor immune responses (inflammation), now generally accepted as potentiating primary tumor development, are also being recognized as mediators of cancer metastasis. Thus, novel anti-cancer therapeutic strategies targeting molecular and/or cellular mechanisms regulating these collaborative interactions may provide efficacious relief for metastatic disease. This review focuses on recent literature revealing new mechanisms whereby immune cells regulate metastatic progression, with a primary focus on breast cancer.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge all the scientists who made contributions to the areas of research reviewed here that were not cited due to space constraints. The authors acknowledge support from the American Cancer Society (DDN), a P2-M postdoctoral grant from the Swedish Research Council (MJ), and grants from the National Institutes of Health, Sandler Program in Basic Sciences, and a Department of Defense Era of Hope Scholar Award (LMC).

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  1. Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 2340 Sutter St., N-221, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    David G. DeNardo, Magnus Johansson & Lisa M. Coussens

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  1. David G. DeNardo
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Correspondence to Lisa M. Coussens.

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DeNardo, D.G., Johansson, M. & Coussens, L.M. Immune cells as mediators of solid tumor metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 27, 11–18 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-007-9100-0

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