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Patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood populations in East and southern Africa

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Abstract

Genetic diversity and differentiation within and among nine G. morsitans morsitans populations from East and southern Africa was assessed by examining variation at seven microsatellite loci and a mitochondrial locus, cytochrome oxidase (COI). Mean COI diversity within populations was 0.63 ± 0.33 and 0.81 taken over all populations. Diversities averaged over microsatellite loci were high (mean number of alleles/locus ≥7.4; mean H E ≥ 65%) in all populations. Diversities averaged across populations were greater in East Africa (mean number of alleles = 22 ± 2.6; mean h e = 0.773 ± 0.033) than in southern Africa (mean number of alleles = 18.7 ± 4.0; mean h e = 0.713 ± 0.072). Differentiation among all populations was highly significant (R ST = 0.25, F ST = 0.132). Nei’s G ij statistics were 0.09 and 0.19 within regions for microsatellites and mitochondria, respectively; between regions, G ij was 0.14 for microsatellites and 0.23 for mitochondria. G ST among populations was 0.23 for microsatellite loci and 0.40 for mitochondria. The F, G and R statistics indicate highly restricted gene flow among G. m. morsitans populations separated over geographic scales of 12–917 km.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dra Imna Malele, Dr. John Terblanche, Messrs Godfrey Mashenge, Cassim Omari and Juma Mwita of TTRI for assistance with sampling G. m. morsitans in Tanzania. Dr. Nigel Griffiths did the southern African samplings. Thanks to Prof. David Rogers, TALA Research Group, Zoology department, Oxford, for the distribution map of G. m. morsitans. This research was supported by NIH USPHS Grants AI-40048 and AI-52456 to ESK.

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  1. J. O. Ouma

    Present address: Trypanosomiasis Research Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 362-00902, Kikuyu, Kenya

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  1. Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011-3222, USA

    J. O. Ouma, J. G. Marquez & E. S. Krafsur

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  1. J. O. Ouma
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  2. J. G. Marquez
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  3. E. S. Krafsur
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Correspondence to E. S. Krafsur.

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Ouma, J.O., Marquez, J.G. & Krafsur, E.S. Patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood populations in East and southern Africa. Genetica 130, 139–151 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-006-9001-0

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