Skip to main content
Log in

Trade of Animals Used in Brazilian Traditional Medicine: Trends and Implications for Conservation

  • Published:
Human Ecology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

References

  • Adeola, M. O. (1992). Importance of Wild Animals and Their Parts in the Culture’ Religious Festivals, and Traditional Medicine, of Nigeria. Environmental Conservation 19: 125–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albuquerque, U. P., and Paiva, R. F. (2004). Métodos e técnicas na pesquisa etnobotânica. Editora Livro Rápido/ NUPEEA, Recife.

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, C. F. C. B. R., and Albuquerque, U. P. (2002). Uso de plantas e animais medicinais no estado de Pernambuco (Nordeste do Brasil): Um estudo de caso. Interciencia 27(6): 276–284.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N. (2008). Animal-Based Remedies as Complementary Medicine in Brazil. Research in Complementary Medicine 15: 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N. (2009). Fauna Used in Popular Medicine in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 5: 1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Dias, T. L. P. (2010). Usos de invertebrados na medicina popular no Brasil e suas implicações para conservação. Tropical Conservation Science 3: 159–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Pereira-Filho, G. A. (2007). Commercialization and Use of Snakes on North and Northeastern Brazil: Implications for Conservation and Management. Biodiversity and Conservation 16: 969–985.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2005). Why Study the Use of Animal Products in Traditional Medicines? Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 1: 1–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2006). From Cnidarians to Mammals: The Use of Animals as Remedies in Fishing Communities in NE Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 107: 259–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2007a). Zootherapy Goes to Town: The Use of Animal-Based Remedies in Urban Areas of NE and N Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 113: 541–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2007b). Zootherapeutic Practices Among Fishing Communities in North and Northeast Brazil: A Comparison. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111(1): 82–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2007c). Biodiversity, Traditional Medicine and Public Health: Where Do They Meet? Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 3: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2008a). Use of Tucuxi Dolphin Sotalia fluviatilis for Medicinal and Magic Religious Purposes in North of Brazil. Human Ecology 37: 443–447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Rosa, I. L. (2008b). Medicinal Animals for the Treatment of Asthma in Brazil. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 14(4): 350–351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., and Santana, G. G. (2008). Use and Commercialization of Podocnemis expansa (Schweiger 1812) (Testudines: Podocnemididae) for Medicinal Purposes in Two Communities in North of Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 4(3): 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Rosa, I. L., and Santana, G. G. (2007a). The Role of Animal-Derived Remedies as Complementary Medicine in Brazil. BioScience 57(11): 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Pereira-Filho, G. A., and Lima, Y. C. C. (2007b). Snakes Used in Ethnomedicine in Northeast Brazil. Environment, Development and Sustainability 9: 455–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Lima, H. N., Tavares, M. C., Souto, W. M. S., Barboza, R. R. D., and Vasconcellos, A. (2008a). Animal-Based Remedies as Complementary Medicines in Santa Cruz do Capibaribe, Brazil. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 8(44): 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Vieira, W. L. S., and Santana, G. G. (2008b). Reptiles Used in Traditional Folk Medicine: Conservation Implications. Biodiversity and Conservation 17(1): 2037–2049.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Leo Neto, N. A., Brooks, S. E., and Albuquerque, U. P. (2009a). Commercialization of Animal-Derived Remedies as Complementary Medicine in the Semi-Arid Region of Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 124: 600–608.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Barbosa, J. A. A., Santos, S. L. D. X., Souto, W. M. S., and Barboza, R. R. D. (2009b). Animal-Based Remedies as Complementary Medicines in the Semi-arid Region of Northeastern Brazil. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine doi:10.1093/ecam/nep134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Oliveira, M. G. G., Barboza, R. R. D., Singh, R., and Lopez, L. C. S. (2009c). Medicinal Animals as Therapeutic Alternative in a Semi-Arid Region of Northeastern Brazil. Research in Complementary Medicine 16: 305–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Leo Neto, N. A., Santana, G. G., Vieira, W. L. S., and Almeida, W. O. (2009d). Reptiles Used for Medicinal and Magic Religious Purposes in Brazil. Applied Herpetology 6: 257–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Souto, W. M. S., and Barboza, R. R. D. (2010a). Primates in Traditional Folk Medicine: A World Overview. Mammal Review 40: 155–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Barboza, R. R. D., and Souto, W. M. S. (2010b). A Global Overview of Canids Used in Traditional Medicines. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 1513–1522.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, R. R. N., Oliveira, M. G. G., Barboza, R. R. D., and Lopez, L. C. S. (2010c). An Ethnozoological Survey of Medicinal Animals Commercialized in the Markets of Campina Grande, NE Brazil. Human Ecology Review 17: 11–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anyinam, C. (1995). Ecology and Ethnomedicine: Exploring Links Between Current Environmental Crisis and Indigenous Medical Practices. Social Science & Medicine 40: 321–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Apaza, L., Godoy, R., Wilkie, D., Byron, E., Huanca, O., Leonard, W. L., Peréz, E., Reyes-García, V., and Vadez, V. (2003). Markets and the Use of Wild Animals for Traditional Medicine: A Case Study Among the Tsimane’ Amerindians of the Bolivian Rain Forest. Journal of Ethnobiology 23: 47–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashwell, D., and Walston, N. (2008). An Overview of the Use and Trade of Plants and Animals in Traditional Medicine Systems in Cambodia. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Greater Mekong Programme, Ha Noi, Vietnam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chao, A., and Shen, T. J. (2003–2005). Program SPADE (Species Prediction and Diversity Estimation). Program and User’s Guide at: http://chao.stat.nthu.edu.tw.

  • Chao, A., Chazdon, R. L., Colwell, R. K., and Shen, T. J. (2005). A New Statistical Approach for Assessing Similarity of Species Composition with Incidence and Abundance Data. Ecology Letters 8: 148–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Confessor, M. A., Mendonca, L. E. T., Mourão, J. S. and Alves, R. R. N. (2009). Animals to heal animals: ethnoveterinary practices in semi-arid region, Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 5: 37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa-Neto, E. M. (1999). Healing with Animals in Feira de Santana City, Bahia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 65: 225–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elisabetsky, E., and Wannmacher, L. (1993). The Status of Ethnopharmacology in Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 38: 131–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, F. S., Brito, S. V., Ribeiro, S. C., Saraiva, A. A. F., Almeida, W. O., and Alves, R. R. N. (2009a). Animal-Based Folk Remedies Sold in Public Markets in Crato and Juazeiro do Norte, Ceara, Brazil. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 9: 1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, F. S., Brito, S. V., Ribeiro, S. C., Almeida, W. O., and Alves, R. R. N. (2009b). Zootherapeutics Utilized by Residents of the Community Poco Dantas, Crato-CE, Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 5: 21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Figueiredo, N. (1994). Os ‘bichos’ que curam: os animais e a medicina de ‘folk’ em Belém do Pará. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Göeldi 10(1): 75–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, F. C. (1996). Répteis utilizados na medicina popular no Estado de Alagoas. UFAL, Maceió.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huntington, H. P. (2000). Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Science: Methods and Applications. Ecological Applications 10(5): 1270–1274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S. K. H. (1999). Trade in Traditional Medicine Using Endangered Species: An International Context. Proceedings of the second Australian Symposium on traditional medicine and wildlife conservation, Melbourne Australia.

  • Léo Neto, N. A., Brooks, S. E., and Alves, R. R. N. (2009). From Eshu to Obatala: Animals Used in Sacrificial Rituals at Candomblé “terreiros” in Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 5(23): 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Léo Neto, N. A., and Alves, R. R. N. (2010). A Natureza Sagrada do Candomblé: análise da construção mística acerca da natureza em terreiros de Candomblé em Caruaru (PE) e Campina Grande (PB). Interciencia 35: 568–574.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) (2003). Status of the National Biodiversity Strategy Advances. Meeting for Identification of Issues on Biodiversity for Cooperation and Interchanging Among South American countries.

  • Moura, F. B. P., and Marques, J. G. W. (2008). Zooterapia popular na Chapada Diamantina: uma medicina incidental? Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 13: 2179–2188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira, E. S., Torres, D. F., Brooks, S. E., and Alves, R. R. N. (2010). The Medicinal Animal Markets in the Metropolitan Region of Natal City, Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 130: 54–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M. L. V., Alves, A. G. C., and Almeida, A. V. (2004). A zooterapia no Recife (Pernambuco): uma articulação entre as práticas e a história. Biotemas 17(1): 95–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sodeinde, O. A., and Soewu, D. A. (1999). Pilot Study of the Traditional Medicine Trade in Nigeria. Traffic Bulletin 18(1): 35–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • StatSoft Inc. (2001). STATISTICA (Data Analysis Software System), Version 6. Available at: http://www.statsoft.com.

  • Van, N. D. N., and Tap, N. (2008). An Overview of the Use of Plants and Animals in Traditional Medicine Systems in Viet Nam. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Ha Noi, Vietnam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaz Silva, T. L. C. (2007). Ver-a-Cor: um estudo sobre as relações raciais no mercado do Ver-o-Peso em Belém. MSc Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC.

  • Williams, V. L., Balkwill, K., and Witkowski, E. T. F. (2000). Unraveling the Commercial Market for Medicinal Plants and Plant Parts on the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Economic Botany 54: 310–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yinfeng, G., Xeying, Z., Chen, Y., Di, W., Sung, and W. (1997). Sustainability of Wildlife in Traditional Medicine. Chinese In: Conserving China’s Biodiversity, pp. 190–216.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Alves, R.R.N., Rosa, I.L. Trade of Animals Used in Brazilian Traditional Medicine: Trends and Implications for Conservation. Hum Ecol 38, 691–704 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-010-9352-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-010-9352-0

Keywords

Navigation