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Angiogenesis in implantation

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Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Problem

Implantation failure and early pregnancy loss are common following natural conceptions and they are particularly important clinical hurdles to overcome following assisted reproduction attempts. The importance of adequate vascular development and maintenance during implantation has recently become a major focus of investigation.

Materials and methods

Review of current published literature was undertaken to summerize the cells and cell products that regulate tissue vascularity during implantation.

Results

Vascular development at the maternal fetal interface can be regulated by a number of different cell types; two principal candidates are trophoblast and natural killer cells. A wide range of soluble factors, some with well established angiogenic functions as well as other more novel factors, can contribute to vascular development and maintenance at the maternal–fetal interface.

Conclusions

Robust vascular development occurs during implantation and early placentation of normal pregnancies. Studies to define the extent and mechanisms by which defects in vascularity contribute to human implantation failure and early miscarriage need to be undertaken.

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Acknowledgments

Supported in part by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (2RO1 HD36830) (DST), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (R15 HL072802) (RJT), and March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation (DST).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19626, Springfield, IL, 62794-9626, USA

    Donald S. Torry, Jonathan Leavenworth, Miao Chang, Vatsala Maheshwari & Kathleen Groesch

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA

    Donald S. Torry, Jonathan Leavenworth, Miao Chang, Vatsala Maheshwari & Kathleen Groesch

  3. College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Drake University, Des Moines, IA, USA

    Evan R. Ball & Ronald J. Torry

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  1. Donald S. Torry
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  2. Jonathan Leavenworth
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  3. Miao Chang
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  4. Vatsala Maheshwari
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  7. Ronald J. Torry
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Correspondence to Donald S. Torry.

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Vascular development during implantation is mediated by numerous cell types and cell products and aberrant vascularity likely contributes to implantation failure and early pregnancy loss.

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Torry, D.S., Leavenworth, J., Chang, M. et al. Angiogenesis in implantation. J Assist Reprod Genet 24, 303–315 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-007-9152-7

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