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Polyethylene and cobalt–chromium molybdenium particles elicit a different immune response in vitro

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Abstract

Periprosthetic osteolysis is a major clinical problem that limits the long-term survival of total joint arthroplasties. Particles of prosthetic material stimulate immune competent cells to release cytokines, which may cause bone loss and loosening of the prosthesis. This study examined the following hypothesis. Polyethylene and titanium particles elicit a different immune response in vitro. To test these hypotheses, we used the human bone marrow cell culture model that we have established and previously used to examine particle associated cytokine release. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) induced a proliferation of CD14 positive cells (monocytes/macrophages) whereas cobalt chromium molybdenium (CoCrMb) particles demonstrated an increased proliferation of CD66b positive cells (granulocytes). Light and scanning microscopic evaluation revealed that the UHMW-PE particles, which have built large clusters of particles (Ø7, 5 μm), were mainly surrounded by the cells and less phagocytosed. On the other hand the smaller particles from CoCrMb have been phagocytosed by the cells. These results provide strong support for our hypothesis: that wear particles derived from prosthetic materials of different material can elicit significantly different biologic responses. In summary the results suggest that the “in vitro” response to wear particles of different biomaterials should be investigated by culture systems of various lineages of cells.

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Acknowledgements

The Authors wish to thank the Deutsche Arthrosehilfe e.V. Conflict of interest statement: All authors certify they not have signed any agreement with a commercial interest related to this study which would in any way limit publication of any and all data generated for the study or to delay publication for any reason. I confirm that all authors have seen and agree with the contents of the manuscript and agree that the work has not been submitted or published elsewhere in whole or in part.

Ethical Board Review statement: Performed according to the guidelines for experimentation with human cells and approved by the ethical commission AZ 44/99.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Orthopaedics and Biomechanics, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35039, Marburg, Germany

    Stefan Endres, Ingo Bartsch, Sebastian Stürz & Marita Kratz

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Elisabeth-klinik Olsberg GmbH Bigge/Olsberg, Heinrich-Sommer-Str. 4, 59939, Olsberg, Germany

    Stefan Endres & Axel Wilke

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  1. Stefan Endres
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  2. Ingo Bartsch
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Correspondence to Stefan Endres.

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Endres, S., Bartsch, I., Stürz, S. et al. Polyethylene and cobalt–chromium molybdenium particles elicit a different immune response in vitro. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 19, 1209–1214 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3104-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3104-8

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