Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Injury Among Urban Women

  • Published:
Journal of Community Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for abuse and IPV related injury among an urban population. This study reports an additional analysis of a case-control study conducted from 1994 to 2000 in 11 USA metropolitan cities where of 4746 women, 3637 (76.6%) agreed to participate. Control group women (N = 845) were identified through random digit dialing. Significant risk factors for abuse included women’s young age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.05 p = .011), being in fair or poor mental health (AOR 2.65 p < .001), and former partner (AOR 3.33 p < .001). Risk factors for partners perpetrating IPV included not being a high school graduate (AOR 2.06 p = .014), being in fair or poor mental health (AOR 6.61 p < .001), having a problem with drug (AOR 1.94 p = .020) or alcohol use (AOR 2.77 p = .001), or pet abuse (AOR 7.59 p = .011). College completion was observed to be protective (AOR 0.60, p < .001). Significant risk factors for injury included partner’s fair or poor mental health (AOR 2.13, p = .008), suicidality (AOR 2.11, p = .020), controlling behavior (AOR 4.31, p < .001), prior domestic violence arrest (AOR 2.66, p = .004), and relationship with victim of more than 1 year (AOR 2.30, p = .026). Through integration of partner related risk factors into routine and/or targeted screening protocols, we may identify more abused women and those at greater risk of abuse and injury.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. PJ Tjaden N Thoennes (2000) Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey National Institute of Justice Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  2. AS Jones AC Gielen JC Campbell J Schollenberger JA Dienemann J Kub P O’Campo EC Wynne (1999) ArticleTitleAnnual and lifetime prevalence of partner abuse in a sample of female HMO enrollees Women’s Heath Issues 9 295–305 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1049-3867(99)00022-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Rennison CM. Intimate partner violence, 1993–2001. Bureau of Justice Statistics Crime Data Brief. February 2003, NCJ 197838. http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs. Accessed 9-12-03

  4. DN Kyriacou D Anglin E Taliaferro et al. (1999) ArticleTitleRisk factors for injury to women from domestic violence against women N Engl J Med 341 1892–1896 Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJM199912163412505 Occurrence Handle10601509

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rand MR. Violence-related injuries treated in hospital emergency departments. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Special Report. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, August 1997

  6. LE Saltzmann JL Fanslow PM McMahon GA Shelley (1999) Intimate Partner Violence Surveillance: Uniform Definitions and Recommended Data Elements, Version 1.0 National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Prevention Atlanta, GA

    Google Scholar 

  7. JR Vest TK Catlin JJ Chen RC Brownson (2002) ArticleTitleMultistate analysis of factors associated with intimate partner violence Am J Prev Med 22 156–164 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00431-7 Occurrence Handle11897459

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. MP Thompson LE Saltzman H Johnson (2003) ArticleTitleA comparison of risk factors for intimate partner violence-related injury across two national surveys on violence against women Violence Against Women 9 438–457 Occurrence Handle10.1177/1077801202250955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. InstitutionalAuthorNameThe Commonwealth Fund. Health Concerns across a Woman’s Lifespan (1999) The Commonwealth Fund 1998 Survey of Women’s Health Commonwealth fund New York

    Google Scholar 

  10. InstitutionalAuthorNameThe Commonwealth Fund (2004) Domestic Violence Prevention Evaluation Report Commonwealth fund New York

    Google Scholar 

  11. JC Campbell D Webster J Koziol-McLain C Block D Campbell MA Curry F Gary N Glass J McFarlane C Sachs P Sharps Y Ulrich SA Wilt J Manganello X Xu J Schollenberger V Frye K Laughon (2003) ArticleTitleRisk factors for femicide in abusive relationships: Results from a multi-site case control study Am J Public Health 93 1089–1097 Occurrence Handle12835191

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. MA Straus (1979) ArticleTitleMeasuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The conflict tactics scales Journal of Marriage and the Family 41 75–88

    Google Scholar 

  13. JC Campbell D Webster J Koziol-McLain CR Block DW Campbell MA Curry FA Gary J McFarlane C Sachs PW Sharps Y Ulrich SA Wilt (2003) ArticleTitleAssessing risk factors for intimate partner homicide NIJ Journal 250 14–19

    Google Scholar 

  14. J Campbell L McKenna S Torres D Sheridan K Landenburger (2003) Nursing care of survivors of intimate partner violence JC Humphreys JC Campbell (Eds) Family Violence in Nursing Practice Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  15. H Johnson VF Sacco (1995) ArticleTitleResearching violence against women: Statistics Canada’s national survey Canadian Journal of Criminology 37 281–304

    Google Scholar 

  16. STATA Version 8.0. Stata Corporation 2003

  17. SR Dearwater JH Cohen JC Campbell G Nah N Glass E McLoughlin E Bekemeir (1998) ArticleTitlePrevalence of intimate partner abuse in women treated in community emergency health departments JAMA 280 433–438 Occurrence Handle10.1001/jama.280.5.433 Occurrence Handle9701078

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. RM Harris PW Sharps K Allen EH Anderson K Soeken A Rohatas (2003) ArticleTitleThe interrelationship between violence, HIV/AIDS, and drug use in incarcerated women J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 14 27–40 Occurrence Handle10.1177/1055329002239188 Occurrence Handle12585220

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. FR Ascione (1998) ArticleTitleBattered women’s reports of their partners’ and children’s cruelty to animals J␣Emotional Abuse 1 119–133 Occurrence Handle10.1300/J135v01n01_06

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. CP Flynn (2000) ArticleTitleWoman’s best friend. Pet abuse and the role of companion animals in the lives of battered women Violence Against Women 6 162–177 Occurrence Handle10.1177/10778010022181778

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. CA Faver EB Strand (2003) ArticleTitleTo leave or to stay? Battered women’s concern for vulnerable pets J Interpersonal Violence 18 1367–1377 Occurrence Handle10.1177/0886260503258028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. RM Siegel EC Joseph SA Routh SG Mendel E Jones RB Ramesh TD Hill (2003) ArticleTitleScreening for domestic violence in the pediatric office: a multipractice experience Clin Pediatr 42 599–602

    Google Scholar 

  23. M Daly LS Singh M Wilson (1993) ArticleTitleChildren fathered by previous partners: A risk factor for violence against women Canadian J of Public Health 84 209–210

    Google Scholar 

  24. M Daly KA Wiseman M Wilson (1997) ArticleTitleWomen and children sired by previous partners incur excess risk of uxoricide Homicide Studies 1 61–71

    Google Scholar 

  25. J Schafer R Caetano C Clark (1998) ArticleTitleRates of intimate partner violence in the United States Am J of Public Health 88 1702–1704

    Google Scholar 

  26. HM Bauer MA Rodriguez EJ Pérez-Stable (2000) ArticleTitlePrevalence and determinants of intimate partner abuse among public hospital primary care patients J Gen Intern Med 15 811–817 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.91217.x Occurrence Handle11119174

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. C Rennison M Planty (2003) ArticleTitleNonlethal intimate partner violence: examining race, gender, and income patterns Violence and Victims 18 433–442 Occurrence Handle14582864

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. JC Campbell (2002) ArticleTitleHealth consequences of intimate partner violence Lancet 359 1331–1336 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08336-8 Occurrence Handle11965295

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. PW Sharps J Koziol-McLain J Campbell J McFarlane C Sachs X Xu (2001) ArticleTitleHealthcare providers’s missed opportunities for preventing femicide Prev Med 33 373–380 Occurrence Handle10.1006/pmed.2001.0902 Occurrence Handle11676577

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. AW Burgess H Harner T Baker CR Hartman C Lole (2001) ArticleTitleBatterers stalking patterns Journal of Family Violence 16 309–322 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1011142400853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. T Logan C Leukefeld B Walker (2000) ArticleTitleStalking as a variant of intimate violence: implications from a young adult sample Violence and Victims 15 91–111 Occurrence Handle10972516

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. J McFarlane JC Campbell K Watson (2002) ArticleTitleIntimate partner stalking and femicide: urgent implications for women’s safety Behav. Sci. Law 20 51–68 Occurrence Handle10.1002/bsl.477 Occurrence Handle12030246

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. M Mechanic (2001) ArticleTitleThe impact of severe stalking experienced by acutely battered women: an examination of violence, psychological symptoms and strategic responding Violence and Victims 15 443–458

    Google Scholar 

  34. EM Waltermaurer CA Ortega L McNutt (2003) ArticleTitleIssues in estimating the prevalence of intimate partner violence Journal of Interpersonal Violence 18 959–974 Occurrence Handle10.1177/0886260503255283

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by funding from the National Institute on drug Abuse, K23 DA13955. The study was supported by joint funding from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institutes on Aging, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Institute of Justice. Grant Support: R01 DA/AA11156 “Risk factors for Homicide in Violent Intimate Relationships.” (Campbell, PI). Additional funding was obtained from the Collins Foundation to assist in the collection of data from one of the 6 cities and from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for collection of the data on the nonabused controls (S, Wilt, PI). We would like to thank all of the participants in the study a well as all of the co-investigators: Daniel Webster, ScD, MPH, Phyllis Sharps, PhD, RN, Janet Schollenberger, MHS, and Kathryn Laughon, PhD, also from Johns Hopkins University, as well as Jane Koziol-McLain, PhD, RN, Carolyn Block, PhD, Doris Campbell, PhD, RN, Mary Ann Curry, PhD, RN, Faye Gary, PhD, RN, Nancy Glass, PhD, MPH, RN, Judith McFarlane, PhD, RN, Carolyn Sachs, MD, MPH, Yvonne Ulrich, PhD, RN, Susan A. Wilt, DrPH, and Xiao Xu, PhD, RN.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Benita J. Walton-Moss DNS, APRN, BC.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Walton-Moss, B.J., Manganello, J., Frye, V. et al. Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Injury Among Urban Women. J Community Health 30, 377–389 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-005-5518-x

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-005-5518-x

Keywords:

Navigation