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The Beginning of the End: Death Signaling in Early Involution

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Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Mammary gland involution occurs in two distinct phases: an early, reversible phase, involving extensive apoptosis of the secretory alveolar epithelium without major changes in gland architecture, and a later, irreversible phase, involving remodelling of the gland to its pre-pregnancy state. Multiple signalling pathways are known to be important during early involution, however the precise triggers remain elusive. This review summarizes the roles of a number of key pathways (NF-κB, PI(3)K, Stat3, and TGFβ) in the first phase of involution.

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Abbreviations

BLG:

β-lactoglobulin

C/EBPδ:

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta

DR:

death receptor

FAK:

focal adhesion kinase

FasL:

fas ligand

GSK3β:

glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta

IGF:

insulin-like growth factor

IGFBP:

insulin-like growth factor binding protein

IGFR:

insulin-like growth factor receptor

IKK:

inhibitor of kappa b kinase

IL:

interleukin

LIF:

leukaemia inhibitory factor

MFG-E8:

milk fat globule EGF factor 8

MMTV:

mouse mammary tumour virus

OSM:

oncostatin M

OSMR:

oncostatin M receptor

PI(3)K:

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

PIP2 :

phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate

PIP3 :

phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate

PRL:

prolactin

TGFβ:

transforming growth factor beta

TNF:

tumour necrosis factor

TNFR:

tumour necrosis factor receptor

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  1. Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK

    Fiona O. Baxter, Kevin Neoh & Maxine C. Tevendale

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  1. Fiona O. Baxter
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Baxter, F.O., Neoh, K. & Tevendale, M.C. The Beginning of the End: Death Signaling in Early Involution. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 12, 3–13 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-007-9033-9

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