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Safety and whole-body antioxidant potential of a novel anthocyanin-rich formulation of edible berries

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Abstract

Edible berry extracts rich in anthocyanins possess a broad spectrum of therapeutic, pharmacologic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Six berry extracts (wild blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, elderberry, raspberry seeds and strawberry), singly and in combination, were studied in our laboratories for antioxidant efficacy, cytotoxic potential, cellular uptake and anti-angiogenic properties. Combinations of edible berry extracts were evaluated to develop a synergistic formula, OptiBerry, which exhibited high oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value, low cytotoxicity and superior anti-angiogenic properties compared to the other combinations tested. The current study sought to determine the broad spectrum safety and antioxidant potential of OptiBerry in vivo. Acute oral LD50 of OptiBerry was greater than 5 g/kg in rats. Acute dermal LD50 of OptiBerry was greater than 2 g/kg. No changes in the body weight or adverse effects were observed following necropsy. Primary skin and eye irritation studies were conducted in New Zealand albino rabbits. OptiBerry was classified as slightly irritating to the skin (primary skin irritation index 0.3) and minimally irritating to the eye (maximum mean total score 6.0). The antioxidant potential of OptiBerry was investigated in rats and mice by assessing GSH redox status in tissues as well as by a unique state-of-the-art electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging of whole-body redox status. A clinically relevant hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure system (2 atm, 2 h) was employed to study the antioxidant properties of OptiBerry. OptiBerry feeding (8 weeks) significantly prevented HBO-induced GSH oxidation in the lung and liver of vitamin E-deficient Sprague Dawley rats. Furthermore, OptiBerry-fed mice, when exposed to HBO, demonstrated significant protection in whole-body HBO-induced oxidation compared to the unfed controls by EPR imaging. Taken together, these results indicate that OptiBerry is reasonably safe and possess antioxidant properties.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professionals, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE

    Debasis Bagchi

  2. InterHealth Research Center, Benicia, CA

    Debasis Bagchi & Manashi Bagchi

  3. Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Sashwati Roy, Viren Patel, Savita Khanna, Navdeep Ojha, Christina Phillips, Sumona Ghosh & Chandan K. Sen

  4. Department of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Guanglong He

  5. Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University Medical Center, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA

    Debasis Bagchi

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  1. Debasis Bagchi
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  2. Sashwati Roy
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  3. Viren Patel
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  4. Guanglong He
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  5. Savita Khanna
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  6. Navdeep Ojha
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  7. Christina Phillips
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  8. Sumona Ghosh
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  9. Manashi Bagchi
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  10. Chandan K. Sen
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Correspondence to Debasis Bagchi.

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Bagchi, D., Roy, S., Patel, V. et al. Safety and whole-body antioxidant potential of a novel anthocyanin-rich formulation of edible berries. Mol Cell Biochem 281, 197–209 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-006-1030-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-006-1030-6

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