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The Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia are Interconnected

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Abstract

The cerebellum and the basal ganglia are major subcortical nuclei that control multiple aspects of behavior largely through their interactions with the cerebral cortex. Discrete multisynaptic loops connect both the cerebellum and the basal ganglia with multiple areas of the cerebral cortex. Interactions between these loops have traditionally been thought to occur mainly at the level of the cerebral cortex. Here, we review a series of recent anatomical studies in nonhuman primates that challenge this perspective. We show that the anatomical substrate exists for substantial interactions between the cerebellum and the basal ganglia. Furthermore, we discuss how these pathways may provide a useful framework for understanding cerebellar contributions to the manifestation of two prototypical basal ganglia disorders, Parkinson’s disease and dystonia.

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Abbreviations

Crus IIp:

posterior Crus II (a component of hemispheric lobule VII)

HVIIB:

hemispheric lobule VIIB

GPe:

external segment of the globus pallidus

GPi:

internal segment of the globus pallidus

STN:

subthalamic nucleus

VIM:

ventralis intermedius nucleus

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. M. Schnell (Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA) for supplying rabies virus strain N2c and Dr. A. Wandeler (Animal Disease Research Institute, Nepean, ON, Canada) for supplying antibodies to rabies. We thank M. Page and M. Semcheski for developing computer programs, and M. O’Malley, M. Watach, D. Sipula and P. Carras for their expert technical assistance. This work was supported in part by funds from the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, National Institute of Health Grants R01 NS24328 (PLS), R01 MH56661 (PLS), P40 RR018604 (PLS), and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Postgraduate Scholarship 358419 (ACB). The contents do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA

    Peter L. Strick

  2. Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Systems Neuroscience Institute, and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA

    Andreea C. Bostan & Peter L. Strick

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  1. Andreea C. Bostan
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  2. Peter L. Strick
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Correspondence to Andreea C. Bostan.

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Bostan, A.C., Strick, P.L. The Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia are Interconnected. Neuropsychol Rev 20, 261–270 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-010-9143-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-010-9143-9

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