References
Booher, J.; Sensenbrenner, M. Growth and cultivation of dissociated neurons and glial cells from embryonic chick, rat and human brain in flask cultures. Neurobiology 2:97–105; 1972.
Bottenstein, J. E.; Michler-Stuke, A. Serum-free culture of dissociated neonatal rat cortical astrocytes. In: Shahar, A.; de Vellis, J.; Vernadakis, A., et al., ed. A dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.; 1989:109–111.
Bruinink, A.; Reiser, P. Ontogeny of MAP2 and GFAP antigens in primary cultures of embryonic chick brain. Effect of substratum, oxygen tension, serum and ARA-C. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 9:269–279; 1991.
Dichter, M. A. Rat cortical neurons in cell culture: culture methods, cell morphology, electrophysiology, and synapse formation. Brain Res. 149:279–293; 1978.
Dreyfus, H.; Louis, J. C.; Harth, S., et al. Gangliosides in cultured neurons. Neuroscience 5:1647–1655; 1980.
Hansson, E.; Ronnback, E. Primary cultures of astroglia and neurons from different brain regions. In: Shahar, A.; de Vellis, J.; Vernadakis, A., et al., ed. A dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.; 1989:92–104.
Hansson, E.; Ronnback, L.; Lowenthal, A., et al. Primary cultures from defined brain areas; effects of seeding time on cell growth, astroglial content and protein synthesis. Dev. Brain Res. 21:175–185; 1985.
Hansson, E.; Ronnback, L.; Persson, L. I., et al. Cellular composition of primary cultures from cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus, brainstem and cerebellum. Brain Res. 300:9–18; 1984.
Hertz, L.; Juurlink, B. H. J.; Hertz, E., et al. Preparation of primary cultures of mouse (rat) astrocytes. In: Shahar, A.; de Vellis, J.; Vernadakis, A., ed. A dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.; 1989:105–108.
Jong, Y.-J.; Thampy, K. G.; Barnes, E. M., Jr. Ontogeny of GABAergic neurons in chick brain: studies in vivo and in vitro. Exp. Brain Res. 25:83–90; 1986.
Ledig, M.; Tholey, G.; Mandel, P. Neuron-specific and non-neuronal enolase in developing chick brain and primary cultures of chick neurons. Dev. Brain Res. 4:451–454; 1982.
Ledig, M.; Tholey, G.; Mandel, P. Factors involved in expression of neuron-specific and non-neuronal enolase activity in developing chick brain and in primary cultures of chick neurons. Dev. Brain Res. 21:107–113; 1985.
Lim, R.; Miller, J. F. Isolation of rat astroblasts. In: Shahar, A.; de Vellis, J.; Vernadakis, A., ed. A dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.; 1989:88–91.
Maxwell, G. D.; Whitehead, M. C.; Connolly, S. M., et al. Development of neuron-specific enolase immunoreactivity in avian nervous tissue in vivo and in vitro. Dev. Brain Res. 3:401–418; 1982.
Morrison, R. S. Generation of primary astroglial and neuronal cultures from neonatal rat brain. In: Shahar, A.; de Vellis, J.; Vernadakis, A., ed. A dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.; 1989: 187–192.
Parker, M. S.; O’Callaghan, R. J.; Smith, D. E., et al. The effect of influenza C virus on the Purkinje cells of chick embryo cerebellum. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 12:461–470; 1994.
Pettmann, B.; Louis, J. C.; Sensenbrenner, M. Morphological and biochemical maturation of neurones cultured in the absence of glial cells. Nature 281:378–380; 1979.
Sensenbrenner, M.; Booher, J.; Mandel, P. Cultivation and growth of dissociated neurons from chick embryo cerebral cortex in the presence of different substrates. Z. Zellforsch. 117:559–569; 1971.
Thampy, K. G.; Sauls, C. D.; Brinkley, B. R., et al. Neurons from chick embryo cerebrum: ultrastructural and biochemical development in vitro. Dev. Brain Res. 8:101–110; 1983.
Wagaman, P. C.; Spence, H. A.; O’Callaghan, R. J. Detection of influenza C virus by using an in situ esterase assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:832–836; 1989.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Parker, M.S., Spence, H.A. & O’Callaghan, R.J. Chick embryo brain cultures enriched for neurons or astroglial cells support the replication of influenza A, B, and C viruses. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal 33, 416–421 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-997-0057-7
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-997-0057-7