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Effects of Gastric Vagotomy on Visceral Cell Proliferation Induced by Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions: Role of Vagal Hyperactivity

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Abstract

In rats, ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions induce cell proliferation in the visceral organs (stomach, small intestine, liver, and pancreas) due to hyperactivity of the vagus nerve. To investigate the effects of selective gastric vagotomy on VMH lesion-induced cell proliferation and secretion of gastric acid, we assessed the mitotic index (the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-immunopositive cells per 1,000 cells in the gastric mucosal cell layer) and measured the volume of secreted basal gastric acid. Furthermore, to explore whether or not ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGML) lead to ulcer formation in VMH-lesioned rats, we assessed the ulcer index of both sham-operated and VMH-lesioned rats after administration of ethanol. VMH lesions resulted in an increased mitotic index and thickness of the gastric mucosal cell layer and gave rise to the hypersecretion of gastric acid. Selective gastric vagotomy restored these parameters to normal without affecting cell proliferation in other visceral organs. Ethanol-induced AGML caused ulcers in sham VMH-lesioned rats, whereas VMH-lesioned rats were less likely to exhibit such ulcers. These results suggest that VMH lesion-induced vagally mediated cell proliferation in the visceral organs is associated with hyperfunction in these organs, and VMH lesion-induced resistance to ethanol may be due to thickening of the gastric mucosal cell layer resulting from cell proliferation in the gastric mucosa—this in turn is due to hyperactivity of the vagus nerve.

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Acknowledgement

We thank Professor Masashi Yoneda of Aichigakuin University School of Medicine for his help and advice in the conducting of this study.

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None of authors have any conflict of interest.

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  1. Shuji Inoue

    Present address: Kiryu University, Faculty of Health Care, 606-7 Azami, Kasakake-cho, Midori City, Gunma, 379-2392, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kyoritsu Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan

    Yuri Kintaka, Toshimasa Osaka, Yoko Suzuki, Takeo Hashiguchi, Akira Niijima, Haruaki Kageyama, Takenoya Fumiko, Seiji Shioda & Shuji Inoue

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  1. Yuri Kintaka
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  2. Toshimasa Osaka
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Correspondence to Shuji Inoue.

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Kintaka, Y., Osaka, T., Suzuki, Y. et al. Effects of Gastric Vagotomy on Visceral Cell Proliferation Induced by Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions: Role of Vagal Hyperactivity. J Mol Neurosci 38, 243–249 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-009-9200-0

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