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Determination of ethylene oxide residues in processed food products by gas-liquid chromatography after derivatization

Bestimmung von Ethylenoxidrückständen in zubereiteten Lebensmitteln durch Gaschromatographie nach Derivatisierung

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Zusammenfassung

Eine einfache, empfindliche, nur 4–5 h dauernde Analysenmethode zur Bestimmung von Restmengen von Ethylenoxid (EO) und dessen Reaktionsprodukt Ethylenchlorhydrin (ECH) wird beschrieben. Für die Analyse wird der Probe Natriumhydroxid beigefügt, wobei ECH in EO verwandelt wird. Danach wird EO in verdünnte Schwefelsäure, welche Natriumiodid enthält, abdestilliert, wobei EO in Ethyleniodhydrin (EIH) verwandelt wird. Der EIH-Inhalt wird gaschromatographisch mit Elektroneneinfangdetektor bestimmt. Die Methode eignet sich für die Analyse von kleinen Restmengen (weniger als 0,05 mg/kg, berechnet als EO) in verschiedenen Lebensmitteln, auch in zubereiteten Lebensmitteln. Ringversuche von sechs Laboratorien mit vier Lebensmitteln ergaben bemerkenswerte Resultate in der Wiederholbarkeit und Vergleichbarkeit der Methode. Die Ausbeute von ECH lag zwischen 50–60%. In 96 von 204 untersuchten Lebensmitteln wurden EO-Konzentrationen zwischen 0,05 mg/kg und 1800 mg/kg gefunden.

Summary

A simple, sensitive and fast method (taking only 4–5 h) for the determination of residues of ethylene oxide (EO) and its reaction product, ethylene chlorohydrin (ECH), is described. For the analysis sodium hydroxide is added to the sample where ECH is transformed to EO. This is followed by the distillation of EO into dilute sulphuric acid containing sodium iodide, whereby EO is converted into ethylene iodohydrin (EIH). The EIH content is determined by gas chromatography using electron capture detection. The method has proved to be applicable to the analysis of low residue levels (less than 0.05 mg/kg, calculated as EO) in various foods, including processed foods. The collaborative studies carried out with four food products in six laboratories were remarkably successful with regard to repeatability of the method and reproducibility of the results. The recoveries of ECH were 50%–60%. In the 204 food products examined EO residues were found in 96 samples at concentration levels between 0.05 mg/kg and 1800 mg/kg.

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Jensen, K.G. Determination of ethylene oxide residues in processed food products by gas-liquid chromatography after derivatization. Z Lebensm Unters Forch 187, 535–540 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01042385

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