Amniotic fluid interleukin-10 concentrations increase through pregnancy and are elevated in patients with preterm labor associated with intrauterine infection☆
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2015, Mucosal Immunology: Fourth EditionThe microbiome, parturition, and timing of birth: More questions than answers
2014, Journal of Reproductive ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :This may be due to the unique immune environment of the placenta during pregnancy which ultimately prevents rejection of the fetus. While increased levels of IL-6 have been found in the amniotic fluid of preterm gravidae, the immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory cytokine, IL-10, has also been found (Greig et al., 1995; Han et al., 2009). Further, T cells are found at the maternal–fetal interface, and specialized NK cells have also been characterized in the placenta (Christiansen, 2013; Zenclussen, 2013).
Thrown off balance: The effect of antenatal inflammation on the developing lung and immune system
2013, American Journal of Obstetrics and GynecologyCitation Excerpt :Interestingly, repetitive injections of LPS initiated a paralysis of the fetal immune system in the lung and blood, called LPS-tolerance (endotoxin hyporesponsiveness/immunoparalysis) (Figure 2).120-123,127 This immunoparalysis could be mediated by a reduced expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen on fetal blood monocytes120-123,127 and a systemic or local elevated expression of the 2 immunosuppressive cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-β, in amniotic fluid, cord blood, or in fetal lung.83,128,129 This tolerance could also be detected after stimulation with other proinflammatory ligands of Toll-like receptors,119,130 which are key activators of the immune system, or even by chronic exposure to living microorganisms like Ureaplasma species.123
Surfactant protein A modulates the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response related to preterm birth
2011, CytokineCitation Excerpt :Interestingly the altered inflammatory response was not evident in maternal gestational tissues, supporting the role of the fetus in providing the signals for preterm parturition. Considering the importance of these cytokines in the preterm labor and birth [15,32,33], the LPS-induced inflammatory response in rSP-A mice is intriguing. Although the overexpression of SP-A had no effect on the timing of normal delivery it increased the LPS-induced fetal deaths.
Cytokine quantification and association with cervical length in a prospective cohort of pregnant women
2023, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
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Presented in part at the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, Atlanta, Georgia, January 23–28, 1995.