Trypanosoma cruzi: Differentiation after interaction of epimastigotes and Triatoma infestans intestinal homogenate
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Cited by (65)
Biological characteristics of the Trypanosoma cruzi Arequipa strain make it a good model for Chagas disease drug discovery
2022, Acta TropicaCitation Excerpt :A polyclonal population of epimastigote forms were cultured at 28 °C in Gibco RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (hiFBS), 0.03 M hemin and 0.5% (w/v) BBL trypticase (Kendall et al., 1990). Metacyclic trypomastigotes were induced by culturing a 7-day-old culture of epimastigote forms at 28 °C in Gibco Grace's Insect Medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) hiFBS (Isola et al., 1986). Subsequently, parasites were incubated at a density of 5 × 108 mL−1 for 2 h at 28 °C in TAU medium (190 mM NaCl, 17 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 2 mM MgCl2, 8 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.0), and later at a density of 5 × 106 mL−1 for 4 days at 28 °C in TAU3AAG medium (TAU supplemented with 50 mM L-sodium glutamate, 2 mM L-sodium aspartate, 10 mM L-proline, 10 mM D-glucose) (Cardoso and Soares, 2010).
Trypanothione synthetase confers growth, survival advantage and resistance to anti-protozoal drugs in Trypanosoma cruzi
2019, Free Radical Biology and MedicineTriatomine physiology in the context of trypanosome infection
2017, Journal of Insect PhysiologyCitation Excerpt :Apparently, adhesion of T. cruzi to the rectal wall (Schmidt et al., 1998) may play a role on differentiation to the infective stage, i.e., into metacyclic trypomastigote forms, as shown by in vitro experiments using culture epimastigotes (Bonaldo et al., 1988; Figueiredo et al., 2000; Kleffman et al., 1998). Nutritional stress as evaluated in medium culture (Camargo, 1964; Castellani et al., 1967; Figueiredo et al., 2000; Hamedi et al., 2015), certain molecules present in the insect gut (Fraidenraich et al., 1993; Garcia et al., 1995; Isola et al., 1981, 1986) and the formation of urine (Kollien and Schaub, 1997) are other important factors that affect metacyclogenesis. In established infections, during insect urination, trypomastigotes and their intermediate stages show a higher detachment rate than epimastigotes (Schaub and Lösch, 1988).
Chitin is a component of the Rhodnius prolixus midgut
2016, Insect Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCitation Excerpt :Two essential processes occur in this organ: (1) blood digestion after a blood meal, which is necessary for metabolism maintenance and egg formation in females, and (2) the invertebrate portion of the T. cruzi life cycle, wherein the parasite morphs into epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes before fecal elimination by the vector (Cortez et al., 2002; Garcia et al., 1989a, 1989b; Gonzalez and Garcia, 1992). In R. prolixus, the PMM plays a role in the interaction between T. cruzi and the intestinal epithelium, which facilitates the protozoan's replication (Burgos et al., 1989; Garcia et al., 1998; Gonzalez et al., 1999; Isola et al., 1986, 1981; Kollien et al., 1998). When the PMM is disturbed by drugs or hormones, protozoan development is inhibited (Garcia et al., 1998, 1989a; Gonzalez et al., 1999; Nogueira et al., 1997).
Trypanosoma cruzi carrying a monoallelic deletion of the calreticulin (TcCRT) gene are susceptible to complement mediated killing and defective in their metacyclogenesis
2013, Molecular ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Averages of 1 × 105, 1.24 × 107 and 9.5 × 106 parasites/ml were respectively detected in bugs fed on TcCRT+/−, wild type and TcCRT+ T. cruzi- infected blood (Fig. 6A). In addition, the capacity to develop metacyclogenesis of these mutant and wild type parasites was studied in vitro by incubating epimastigotes with media supplemented with 10% triatome gut homogenate (Isola et al., 1986). Quantification of metacyclic trypomastigotes in the supernatant revealed an inhibition of differentiation in TcCRT+/− parasites (p = 0.03) compared to the wild type (Fig. 6B).
Phospholipase A<inf>1</inf>: A novel virulence factor in Trypanosoma cruzi
2013, Molecular and Biochemical ParasitologyCitation Excerpt :T. cruzi culture amastigotes and trypomastigotes from RA and K98 strains were obtained from Vero cells, previously infected with bloodstream trypomastigotes and grown in 199 medium + 10% fetal bovine serum at 37 °C, 5% CO2 [29]. T. cruzi epimastigotes from RA strain were axenically grown in a biphasic medium at 28 °C, as previously described [30]. The different parasite samples (bloodstream trypomastigotes, culture trypomastigotes/amastigotes and epimastigotes, 1 × 108/ml) were resuspended in 10 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.4, in the presence of protease inhibitors (1× protease cocktail inhibitor; 2 mM phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride; 0.5 mM Nα-p-tosyl-l-lysine chloromethyl ketone hydrochloride) and disrupted by four cycles of freezing and thawing.