The nature of the polypeptide encoded by each of the 10 double-stranded RNA segments of reovirus type 3
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2011, VirologyCitation Excerpt :In cultured cells, MRV-induced apoptosis is not dependent on de novo synthesis of viral RNA and protein (Connolly and Dermody, 2002; Danthi et al., 2006), indicating that components of the incoming viral capsid are sufficient for initiation of prodeath signaling. Consistent with these findings, differences in the capacity of prototype reovirus strains to induce apoptosis segregate genetically with the S1 and M2 gene segments (Tyler et al., 1995, 1996; Connolly et al., 2001), which encode the viral attachment protein σ1 and the viral membrane penetration protein μ1, respectively (McCrae and Joklik, 1978; Mustoe et al., 1978). Although initial studies suggested that attachment of MRV σ1 with JAM-A or sialic acid on the host cells is important for apoptosis (Barton et al., 2001; Connolly et al., 2001), antibody-dependent uptake of MRV virions into host cells in a JAM-A- and sialic acid-independent manner also leads to apoptotic cell death, indicating that signaling pathways triggered by σ1-receptor interactions are dispensable for MRV-induced apoptosis (Danthi et al., 2006).
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2008, VirologyCitation Excerpt :The localized sequestration and concentration of viral RNAs, viral proteins, and cellular proteins is what defines the viral factory, although the exact composition and functions of the factory are only partially characterized. The MRV nonstructural protein μNS comprises 721 amino acid residues (80 kDa) and is encoded by genome segment M3 (McCrae and Joklik, 1978; Mustoe et al., 1978). Expression of μNS in transfected cells is sufficient to form cytoplasmic inclusions morphologically similar to viral factories at low resolution (Becker et al., 2003; Broering et al., 2002).
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Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry Cv4 7AL, England.