Biological activity of monoclonal antibodies to operationally defined antigenic regions on the hemagglutinin molecule of A/Seal/Massachusetts/1 /80 (H7N7) influenza virus

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(82)90375-0

Virology

Volume 122, Issue 1, 15 October 1982, Pages 38-47

https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(82)90375-0 Get rights and content

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin (HA) molecule of A/Seal/Mass/1/80 (H7N7) have been prepared and used to establish an operational antigenic map. Four nonoverlapping antigenic areas on the HA of seal influenza viruses were defined. Monoclonal antibodies belonging to two of the groups (III and IV) failed to inhibit hemagglutination of intact virus yet effectively neutralized viral infectivity. These findings could not be explained by differences in affinities and were interpreted in terms of functional differences between the assays. Antibodies that failed to inhibit hemagglutination may bind nearer to the hydrophobic end of the HA molecule and might not block the receptor binding site for erythrocytes. Antibodies to these areas may inhibit infectivity by interference with cell fusion or viral replication. The monoclonal antibodies that failed to inhibit hemagglutination of intact virus nevertheless did inhibit HA activity of purified isolated rosettes of hemagglutinin. The mechanism of inhibition is not resolved but may involve the access of a larger number of antibody molecules to the HA when it is in the form of rosettes compared to when it is located on the viral membrane. The reactivity of seal influenza virus and other H7 viruses from birds with the monoclonal antibodies show that some avian strains possess HA molecules that are closely related to those of seal virus and may therefore be related to viruses that were important in the evolution of this strain. Since HI tests do not necessarily detect all antibodies that neutralize viral infectivity, the question is raised as to whether HI assays alone can be used for determining the efficacy of all influenza virus vaccines.

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¹: Present address: Department of Hygiene and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060 Japan.

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Biological activity of monoclonal antibodies to operationally defined antigenic regions on the hemagglutinin molecule of A/Seal/Massachusetts/1 /80 (H7N7) influenza virus

Abstract

Virology

Cell

Virology

Virology

J. Mol. Biol.

J. Immunol. Methods

Virology

Virology

Virology

Genetic characterization of an influenza virus from seals

The delineation of antigenic determinants of the hemagglutinin of influenza A viruses by means of monoclonal antibodies

Antigenic drift in influenza A viruses. I. Selection and characterization of antigenic variants of A/PR/8/34 (HON1) influenza virus with monoclonal antibodies

J. Exp. Med.

Antigenic structure of influenza virus hemagglutinin defined by monoclonal antibodies

Nature (London)

Replication of avian influenza A viruses in mammals

Infect. Immun.

The equilibrium constant for the interaction between a monoclonal Fab fragment and the influenza neuraminidase

J. Immunol.

Duck influenza lacking evidence of disease signs and immune response

Infect. Immun.