The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders

doi:10.1016/0166-2236(89)90074-X

Trends in Neurosciences

Volume 12, Issue 10, 1989, Pages 366-375

https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(89)90074-X Get rights and content

Abstract

Basal ganglia disorders are a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes with a common anatomic locus within the basal ganglia. To account for the variety of clinical manifestations associated with insults to various parts of the basal ganglia we propose a model in which specific types of basal ganglia disorders are associated with changes in the function of subpopulations of striatal projection neurons. This model is based on a synthesis of experimental animal and post-mortem human anatomic and neurochemical data. Hyperkinetic disorders, which are characterized by an excess of abnormal movements, are postulated to result from the selective impairment of striatal neurons projecting to the lateral globus pallidus. Hypokinetic disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, are hypothesized to result from a complex series of changes in the activity of striatal projection neuron subpopulations resulting in an increase in basal ganglia output. This model suggests that the activity of subpopulations of striatal projection neurons is differentially regulated by striatal afferents and that different striatal projection neuron subpopulations may mediate different aspects of motor control.

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Trends in Neurosciences

Perspectives on diseaseThe functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders

Abstract

Neurology

J. Comp. Neurol.

J. Comp. Neurol.

Neuroscience

Comparative Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia

Brain Res.

Brain Res.

The Neostriatum

Exp. Brain Res.

Brain Res.

J. Comp. Neurol.

J. Comp. Neurol.

J. Comp. Neurol.

Brain

J. Neurosci.

Exp. Brain Res.

J. Comp. Neurol.

J. Comp. Neurol.

Neuroscience

Neuroscience

J. Comp. Neurol.

J. Comp. Neurol.

Brain Res.

Brain Res.

Handbook of Physiology (Vol. 2: The Nervous System)

The Thalamus

J. Neurosci.

Brain Res.

Modern Problems in Neurology

Clin. Neuropharmacol.

New Engl. J. Med.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol. 5(49), Extrapyramidal Disorders

Exp. Neurol.

Brain

Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol. 5(49), Extrapyramidal Disorders

New Engl. J. Med.

Neurology

Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol. 5(49), Extrapyramidal Disorders

Brain

J. Pediatr.

Eur. J. Neurol.

Arch. Neurol.

Neurology

Annu. Rev. Neurosci.

J. Neurosci.

J. Neurochem.

Handbook of Physiology (Vol. 2, The Nervous System)

Perspectives on disease
The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders