Industrial applicationThe interaction of cobalt metal with different carbides and other mineral particles on mouse peritoneal macrophages
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Cited by (31)
Sintering of Hardmetals With Alternative Binders
2021, Encyclopedia of Materials: Metals and AlloysMicrostructural evolution and development of mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered WC–Co cemented carbides for machine parts and engineering tools
2019, Archives of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringCitation Excerpt :Despite the fact that tungsten carbide–cobalt (WC–Co) hard materials cause allergies and contain probable human carcinogenic agents [1,2], they are still the most dominant tool materials in terms of industrial applications for machining, mining, cutting and drilling tools as well as wear resistance parts.
Corrosion behaviour of WC hardmetals with nickel-based binders
2019, Corrosion ScienceCitation Excerpt :All these tools find application in the mining, chemical, oil and gas industries, among others. Despite the outstanding properties, the WC-Co system has been associated with health concerns [5] and faces supply uncertainties related to ore extraction [6,7]. In service, hardmetals can contact aqueous environments with variable pH, salinity and oxygen concentration [4,8–11].
Reactive sintering and microstructure development of tungsten carbide-AISI 304 stainless steel cemented carbides
2017, Materials Chemistry and PhysicsCitation Excerpt :The demand for alternative binders to the traditional cobalt in tungsten carbide composites, exhibiting equivalent or superior mechanical properties has been intensified in the last years, due to the known cobalt toxicity, its large price fluctuations and the need to increase the hardmetal applications market [1–3].
Sintering characteristics and properties of WC-10AISI304 (stainless steel) hardmetals with added graphite
2014, Materials Science and Engineering: ACitation Excerpt :Since the first patent of WC-based hardmetals issued around 1923 by Schroter in the German company – Osram Studiengesellschaft [5], cobalt metal (Co) has been the optimum choice for the binder of WC-based hardmetals. Recently, due to the high cost and limited availability of Co [6] as well as the health implication of the inhalation of the WC–Co-containing dust [7,8], other transition metals such as Ni, Fe, Cr etc. have been studied to replace Co in WC-based hardmetals [9–13]. The partial or complete replacement of Co by Ni led to a decrease in the hardness of hardmetals, so this binder has not been widely accepted in the cutting tool industry, except for a number of wear applications requiring the higher corrosion- and erosion-resistance or higher oxidation resistance [6,12,13].
Sintering, microstructure and properties of WC-AISI304 powder composites
2013, Journal of Alloys and CompoundsCitation Excerpt :The search for alternative binders to the traditional cobalt in tungsten carbide (WC) based composites has been intensified in last years, due to the Co toxicity and high and variable market value [1,2].