ArticleNeurochemical, but not behavioral, deviations in the offspring of rats following prenatal or paternal inhalation exposure to ethanol☆
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2019, International Journal of Developmental NeurosciencePrenatal exposure to vapors of gasoline-ethanol blends causes few cognitive deficits in adult rats
2015, Neurotoxicology and TeratologyCitation Excerpt :Furthermore, the developmental toxicity of some components of gasoline (e.g., xylene and benzene) and gasoline itself appears to be lower by the inhalation route than by the oral route (Skalko, 1993). The Nelson et al. (1985a,b; 1988) observations suggesting minimal toxicity of inhaled ethanol relative to ingested ethanol were supported by a recent series of studies designed to evaluate the role of ethanol in toxicity of gasoline–ethanol fuel blends (Beasley et al., 2014; Boyes et al., 2014; Oshiro et al., 2014). In these studies pregnant rats inhaled ethanol (5000 to 21,000 ppm) from GD 9 to 20, a critical period for CNS development (Rice and Barone, 2000).
Selective cognitive deficits in adult rats after prenatal exposure to inhaled ethanol
2014, Neurotoxicology and TeratologyCitation Excerpt :Nelson et al. (1985b) concluded that inhaled ethanol (20,000 ppm for 7 h daily throughout gestation) was not teratogenic in rats even when the inhaled concentration yielded a BEC of ~ 200 mg/dL and produced narcosis in the mothers. Tests of neuromuscular ability, activity, avoidance conditioning, and performance of a progressive fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement were negative in animals exposed to 10,000 or 16,000 ppm ethanol throughout gestation, which yielded BECs of 3 and 50 mg/dL, respectively (Nelson et al., 1985a, 1988). Additionally, a significant decrease in serotonin levels in the cerebellum and increased met-enkephalin levels in many brain areas of exposed offspring were reported in the low-dose group; however, the magnitude of these effects was not linearly related to the concentrations nor was it consistent across brain regions (Nelson et al., 1988).
Toxicological outcomes in rats exposed to inhaled ethanol during gestation
2014, Neurotoxicology and TeratologyCitation Excerpt :Whereas we observed no apparent changes in gait, it is important to note the difference between the qualitative observations taken with the FOB and the very specific quantitative gait measurements (stride, angle, width) reported in the cited studies. No convincing neuromuscular effects were observed, which is consistent with the reported lack of effects using a rotarod (Dursun et al., 2006; Nelson et al., 1985a, 1988). No other studies of ethanol were identified with endpoints similar to those in the FOB that were tested postweaning.
Perinatal ethanol exposure alters met-enkephalin levels of male and female rats
2006, Neurotoxicology and Teratology
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This research was conducted under the Good Research Practices program of our Division, which is based upon the guidelines of Good Laboratory Practices issued by the Food and Drug Administration in 1978. Also, during the conduct of this study, our facility received accreditation by the American Association of Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (May 1, 1984). Mention of product or company names does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH.