Research reportWisconsin Card Sorting Test: an indicator of vulnerability to schizophrenia?
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2011, Asian Journal of PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :The identification of vulnerability to schizophrenia is compounded by a wide range of phenotypic variability in this illness. It has been postulated that neuropsychological disturbances such as eye movement dysfunctions (Holzman, 2000), impaired working memory (Franke, 1992) or attentional deficits (Cornblatt and Malhotra, 2001), executive functioning and sensory motor functioning (Staal et al., 2000), bilateral transfer deficits (Biswas et al., 1996), and impaired antisaccade performance may serve as endophenotypic markers of genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. This was underscored by the fact that all these abnormalities have been reported to exist in a proportion of apparently healthy relatives of schizophrenic patients.
Executive function impairment in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of controlled studies
2011, Asian Journal of PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :Therefore, as researchers delineate the associations between specific cognitive deficits and their behavioral effects among first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients, the issue of cognitive dysfunction as a heritable endophenotype in schizophrenia is supported. It is widely recognized that executive functions represent the major cognitive preparations of the frontal lobe system (Franke et al., 1992). As early as 1986, Weinberger et al. found abnormal patterns of dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex blood flow in schizophrenia patients as compared to controls.
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