Original article: cardiovascularMechanism underlying mechanical dysfunction in the border zone of left ventricular aneurysm: a finite element model study
Section snippets
Creation of left ventricular aneurysm
The study was performed in compliance with the animal welfare regulations and the “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” as revised in 1996 [10]. The extremely reproducible ovine model of LV aneurysm described by Markovitz and colleagues [11] was used. An adult Dorset sheep was sedated with ketamine (15 mg/kg intramuscularly), masked, and then intubated and ventilated with a mixture of isoflurane and oxygen. The surface electrocardiogram and the arterial pressure (left femoral
Normal border zone contractility
Figure 5A shows the model configuration obtained for an LV chamber pressure of 1 kPa (7.5 mm Hg) and normal diastolic material properties throughout the wall (including the aneurysm). Figure 5B shows the model configuration obtained for an LV chamber pressure of 8 kPa (60 mm Hg), normal contractility in the remote and BZ regions, and no contractility in the apical aneurysm. Although the chamber volumes are the same in both figures, the corresponding myocardial strain distributions are quite
Comment
In summary, we developed the most realistic mathematical model of the infarcted LV to date and used it to study the mechanism underlying mechanical dysfunction in the BZ region of LV aneurysm. When the aneurysm in the model had normal diastolic material properties, BZ contractility had to be reduced to only half of that in regions remote from the aneurysm to predict the previously observed stretching of BZ fibers during isovolumic systole. Similarly, a 50% reduction in BZ contractility was
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge Glen W. Foster, RT, for his patience and expertise in performing the imaging experiments, Ruth Okamoto, DSc, for assistance with the analysis of the images, and Diane Toeniskoetter and Dennis Gordon for assistance with the animal experiments. This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01-HL-58759 (J.M.G.).
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