Efficacy of vaccination with live attenuated, cold-adapted, trivalent, intranasal influenza virus vaccine against a variant (A/Sydney) not contained in the vaccine☆,☆☆,★
Section snippets
Vaccine and Placebo
Trivalent cold-adapted influenza vaccine was supplied by Aviron (Mountain View, Calif), frozen in single-dose intranasal applicators described below. In year 1, the vaccine contained 106.7 median tissue culture infective doses per dose, and in year 2, reported here, the vaccine contained 107.0 median tissue culture infective doses per dose of each of the 3 attenuated strains that matched the antigens as recommended for the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine by the Food and Drug
RESULTS
The results of year 1 of this efficacy field trial have been reported previously.14 For context, the efficacy results from year 1 are summarized in Table I along with year 2 results. In September of 1997, 1358 of the original study group of 1602 children (85%) were revaccinated with a single dose of live attenuated influenza vaccine or placebo by nasal spray. There were no statistically significant differences between age, sex, race, day-care enrollment, or household compositions of vaccine and
DISCUSSION
Live attenuated influenza vaccine provided high efficacy, 92%, over 2 years against culture-confirmed influenza. This interval included a year in which the influenza strains selected for inclusion in the vaccine did not closely match the circulating predominant strain, influenza A/Sydney/5/97. Influenza A/Sydney/5/97 was found to be significantly different from influenza A/Nanchang/933/95 (an influenza A/Wuhan/359/95–like virus) when tested by ferret antisera.19 The late emergence of influenza
Acknowledgements
We thank the clinic coordinators, referring pediatricians, and parents who assisted with this study. Study personnel contributing to this study include Joan Cannon, Frances Newman, Peter Wright, Judi Thompson, Sharon Tollefson, Jane Baker, Thomas Boyce, Edie Sannella, Shanita Coleman-Dockery, Elizabeth Budd, Annamay Zindahl, Marty Spalding, William Blackwelder, Connie Turner, Kirti Patel, Mike Pichichero, Diane O’Brien, Rosalyn Battaglia, Bernard Readmond, Eliza Sindall, Debra Campbell, Susan
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Cited by (0)
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Supported by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, and Aviron, Mountain View, California.
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Reprint requests: Robert B. Belshe, MD, Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, 3635 Vista Ave, FDT-8N, St Louis, MO 63110.
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0022-3476/2000/$12.00 + 0 9/21/102916