[14] Electrophysiological methods for measurement of activation of phototransduction by bleached visual pigment in salamander photoreceptors
References (43)
- et al.
Trends Neurosci.
(1996) Vision Res.
(1967)- et al.
Methods Enzymol.
(1982) - et al.
Methods Enzymol.
(1971) - et al.
Neuron
(1993) - et al.
Vision Res.
(1990) - et al.
Methods Enzymol.
(2000) Photochem. Photobiol.
(1992)- et al.
Photochem. Photobiol.
(1996) - et al.
J. Physiol. (London)
(1979)
Photosensitivity
Br. Med. Bull.
J. Physiol. (London)
J. Physiol. (London)
J. Gen. Physiol.
J. Physiol. (London)
J. Gen. Physiol.
J. Physiol. (London)
J. Gen. Physiol.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
Biochemistry
Cited by (28)
Rod and cone visual pigments and phototransduction through pharmacological, genetic, and physiological approaches
2012, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :In addition, considering that there are ∼107–108 pigment molecules in a mammalian rod (17–19), the basal activity of the pigment and its spontaneous activation will also be expected to have substantial effects on the physiological properties of rods and cones. The interaction between opsin and the retina and its effect on the signaling properties of vertebrate pigments can be studied with biochemical or physiological tools by substituting the native chromophore with various chromophore analogs (20, 21). Although removed from the pigment epithelium, photoreceptors retain their functional properties long enough to allow careful physiological studies.
The action of 11-cis-Retinol on cone opsins and intact cone photoreceptors
2009, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :By microspectrophotometric measurements, we confirmed that this method bleached the visual pigment within the outer segment to the same extent (>90%) as did the bleaching that took place on the stage of the microspectrophotometer. For regeneration experiments, retinoids were supplied to bleached cells in Ringer solution containing 0.3% ethanol or in lipid vesicles as a retinoid carrier as described previously (21). Cells were exposed to retinoids (final concentration 20–40 μm) by adding a small amount (100–500 μl) of concentrated (40–350 μm) retinoid stock solution to Ringer solution containing photoreceptor cells in the recording chamber.
Breaking the covalent bond - A pigment property that contributes to desensitization in cones
2005, NeuronCitation Excerpt :Spectral measurements of individual rod and cone outer segments were made on dark-adapted cells or cells that had been treated, either in darkness or following exhaustive bleaching, with a solution of lipid vesicles containing 9-cis retinal. Ringer’s solutions containing chromophore were prepared daily from 300 μg dry aliquots of retinoid by dissolving the chemical in 0.1% ethanol or loading them into lipid vesicles as described previously (Cornwall et al., 2000). The final concentration of 9-cis retinal, at 10–200 μM, was estimated from the absorption spectrum.
Use of retinal analogues for the study of visual pigment function
2002, Methods in Enzymology