NeoplasmMeningeal melanocytoma of the brain and oculodermal melanocytosis (nevus of ota): case report and literature review
Section snippets
Selection of cases
We have included only those cases described in sufficient detail to allow us to form independent conclusions. We agree with Winston et al [73] in excluding the following cases: the melanoblastic meningioma of Bailey and Bucy, which was probably a malignant melanoma as evidenced by the large number of pigmented lesions over the surface of the cerebral hemispheres and within the cerebellum, and by the presence of many mitotic figures. Several series include the cases mentioned by Russell and
History
A 17-year-old male Caucasian presented with headache and blindness in both eyes of 4 months’ duration. Visual loss was gradual and progressive, but of unknown duration. He had been incarcerated for 38 months. The patient’s medical history was significant only for left scalp and facial hyperpigmentation at least since early childhood.
Examination
The patient’s general medical examination was normal except for left scalp and facial cutaneous melanosis including left conjunctiva and sclera melanosis. He had
Results
To our knowledge, including the present case, 95 cases (45 intracranial and 50 spinal) of meningeal melanocytoma, have been reported to date (Table 1). The median age was 45 years (ranging 5 months–74 years). The median age of patients with intracranial lesions was 40 and for those with intraspinal lesions it was 49. It was significantly lower in patients with intracranial lesions (p = 0.016). Fifty-five of 95 patients (57.9%) were female. The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 29
Anatomic location
Pigmented cells are normally found in the leptomeninges, and according to Virchow, were first described by Valenti [10]. The electron microscopic studies of Limas and Tio demonstrated that the cell of origin of the so-called pigmented meningiomas is the melanocyte and not the meningothelial cell [38]; they proposed the term “meningeal melanocytoma” to describe these tumors.
Melanocytes are widely distributed throughout the leptomeninges and they occur in the highest concentration ventrolateral
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Drs Seyyed Mohammad Naser Hoseini and Mahnaz Banihashemi, dermatologists of the Khatam Hospital and Drs PV Kumar and Ahmad Monabbati, pathologists of Shiraz University and Elizabeth Tyler-Kabra, senior resident of neurosurgery at University of Pittsburgh for her careful review of manuscript.
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