Fast track — Research LettersDetection of breast cancer cells in ductal lavage fluid by methylation-specific PCR
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What is epigenetics?
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2019, Cancer Treatment and Research CommunicationsCitation Excerpt :DNA methylation in future may serve as a marker of breast tumor cell lineage, thereby reflecting the cell type from which a cancer originates and perhaps explaining the correlations of histological heterogeneity and prognosis of breast cancers with the DNA methylation profiles in them [19]. Past and present research studies showed that methylation of various genes such as cyclin D2, retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ), Twist, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), p16, p14, Ras-associated domain family member 1A (RASSF1A), and death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) were reported in ductal lavage fluid and nipple aspirate of breast cancer patients [20, 21]. Besides, detection of methylated DNA in plasma/serum of breast cancer patients is more convenient compared to detection of specific mutations for the breast cancer in whole genome.
Epigenetics of breast cancer: Biology and clinical implication in the era of precision medicine
2018, Seminars in Cancer BiologyCitation Excerpt :Since cytomorphological analysis of these specimens is often unsatisfactory, previous studies evaluated the possibility to detect tumour in ductal lavages by analysing promoter methylation of several genes. However, promoter methylation was also detected in healthy individuals and was unable to distinguish between pre-invasive and invasive lesions [86,87]. It is now well established that serum and plasma carry significant amount of cell-free DNA that can be analysed to detect genetic abnormalities present in the tumour.