PASSIVE IMMUNISATION OF CHILDREN WITH BOVINE COLOSTRUM CONTAINING ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN ROTAVIRUS

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(89)90771-X

The Lancet

Volume 334, Issue 8665, 23 September 1989, Pages 709-712

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(89)90771-X Get rights and content

Abstract

The efficacy of a 10-day course of bovine colostrum with high antibody titre against the four known human rotavirus serotypes in protecting children against rotavirus infection was examined in patients admitted to hospital. Children aged 3 to 15 months were blocked in pairs according to ward accommodation (ie, isolation or open area). Each block contained 1 treated and 1 control child. The allocation to treatment or control (an artificial infant formula) was randomised. 9 of 65 control children but none of 55 treated children acquired rotavirus infection during the treatment period (p<0·001). The importance of protecting against rotavirus infection was highlighted by the fact that parents of symptomatic rotavirus-positive children sought medical attention seven times more often than did parents of symptomatic rotavirusnegative children (p <0·05).

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Cited by (155)

Evaluating the effectiveness of colostrum as a therapy for diarrhea in preweaned calves
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Diarrhea is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in dairy calves. Many cases of diarrhea in calves are treated with antimicrobials, increasing the risk of antimicrobial resistance, therefore, creating a need for alternative therapies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding spray-dried maternal derived bovine colostrum replacer at the onset of diarrhea on calf growth and duration and severity of the disease in preweaning dairy calves. At a calf-raising facility in southern Ontario, calves were scored for fecal consistency twice daily on a scale of 0 to 3 and enrolled into the trial when they had 2 consecutive fecal scores of 2 (runny or spreads readily) or one fecal score of 3 (liquid consistency, splatters). Calves were then randomly allocated to receive one of the following 3 treatments: (1) control (CON; n = 35): 8 feedings over 4 d of 2.5 L of milk replacer at a concentration of 130 g/L (26% crude protein and 17% fat); (2) short-term colostrum supplementation (STC; n = 35): 4 feedings over the first 2 d of 2.5 L of a mixture of milk replacer at 65 g/L and bovine colostrum replacer at 65 g/L (26% IgG and 14.5% fat) followed by 4 feedings over 2 d of 2.5 L of milk replacer at a concentration of 130 g/L; or (3) long-term colostrum supplementation (LTC; n = 38): 8 feedings over 4 d of 2.5 L of a mixture of milk replacer at 65 g/L and bovine colostrum replacer at 65 g/L. Serum IgG was determined at arrival to the facility and body weight, days to enrollment since facility arrival, and severity of diarrhea were recorded at enrollment. Daily health exams evaluating fecal consistency were performed for 28 consecutive days after enrollment and body weight was measured at d 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56 after enrollment. The median days to resolution of a case of diarrhea was 3.5 d (range: 0.5–11.5 d), 2.75 d (range: 0.5–11.0 d), and 2.75 d (range: 0.5–7.0 d) in CON, STC, and LTC, respectively. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, it was found that calves in LTC group had faster resolution of diarrhea compared with calves in the CON group. In addition, there was an association between both days to enrollment since facility arrival and body weight and resolution of diarrhea, where calves who were at the facility longer before enrollment and heavier at the onset of diarrhea, resolved diarrhea quicker. In addition, calves with a fecal score of 3 at enrollment took longer to resolve their case of diarrhea. With respect to body weight, a linear regression model was built and found that over the 56 d following enrollment calves in the LTC treatment grew 98 g/d more than calves in the CON group. These results suggest that bovine colostrum may be an effective therapy for diarrhea in preweaning calves.
Fermented, ultrasonicated, and dehydrated bovine colostrum: Changes in antimicrobial properties and immunoglobulin content
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This study evaluated the influence of fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS135 and Lactobacillus paracasei LUHS244, ultrasonication, and different methods of dehydration on the content of IgG, IgA, and IgM in bovine colostrum (BC), as well as the antimicrobial activity of the treated and fresh BC samples [fresh = BC; freeze dried = BC_lyoph; vacuum dried (+45°C) = BC_vacdried; BC fermented with LUHS135 = BC_LUHS135; BC fermented with LUHS244 = BC_LUHS244; BC fermented with LUHS135 and freeze dried = BC_LUHS135lyoph; BC fermented with LUHS244 and freeze dried = BC_{LUHS244 lyoph}; BC fermented with LUHS135 and vacuum dried = BC_{LUHS135 vacdried}; BC fermented with LUHS244 and vacuum dried = BC_{LUHS244 vacdried}; BC ultrasonicated and freeze dried = BC_{ultr lyoph}; BC ultrasonicated and vacuum dried = BC_{ultr vacdried}]. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanni, Proteus mirabilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Pasteurella multocida using the agar well diffusion method, as well as in liquid medium. In liquid medium analysis showed that the fermented BC samples had the broadest antimicrobial spectrum (of 15 tested pathogenic strains, BC_{LUHS135 vacdried} and BC_LUHS135lyoph inhibited 13; BC_{LUHS244 vacdried} inhibited 12; and BC_LUHS135, BC_LUHS244, and BC_{LUHS244 lyoph} inhibited 11). Based on the inhibition zones, BC_LUHS135lyoph samples exhibited the broadest inhibition spectrum, inhibiting the growth of 12 of the 15 tested pathogenic strains). According to the lactic acid bacteria strain selected for BC fermentation, different properties of the BC will be obtained. To ensure a broad antimicrobial spectrum and high IgG content, fermentation with LUHS135 can be recommended (IgG concentration in BC_LUHS135 was retained), whereas fermentation with LUHS244 will provide a high IgM concentration (IgM concentration increased by 48.8 and 21.6% in BC_LUHS244 and BC_LUHS244lyoph samples, respectively). However, IgA is very sensitive for fermentation, and further studies are needed to increase IgA stability in BC. Finally, fermented BC can be recommended as a food/beverage ingredient, providing safety, as well as improved functionality through displaying a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities.
Colostrum from cows immunized with a veterinary vaccine against bovine rotavirus displays enhanced in vitro anti-human rotavirus activity
2019, Journal of Dairy Science
Citation Excerpt :
Hyperimmune BC from cows vaccinated with HRoV was an effective therapeutic approach to reduce the duration and severity of RoV-caused diarrhea in a double-blind controlled clinical study with infants of 6 to 24 mo of age (Mitra et al., 1995). In a second study, Davidson et al. (1989) produced HBC by introducing a vaccine containing 4 HRoV into pregnant Friesian cows. They demonstrated that this HBC administered orally mediated protection by preventing HRoV infection.
Human rotaviruses represent a major cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children. The limited impact of oral vaccines on global estimates of rotavirus mortality and the suboptimal use of oral rehydration justify the need for alternative prophylactic and therapeutic strategies, especially for immunocompromised hosts. The protective effects of colostrum—the first milk produced during the initial 24 to 48 h after parturition—are well documented in the literature. In particular, the ingestion of hyperimmune bovine colostrum has been proposed as an alternative preventive approach against human rotavirus gastroenteritis. Although the immunization of pregnant cows with human rotavirus boosts the release of specific immunoglobulin G in bovine colostrum, it raises regulatory and safety issues. In this study, we demonstrated that the conventional bovine rotavirus vaccine is sufficient to enhance the anti-human rotavirus protective efficacy of bovine colostrum, thus providing a conservative approach to produce hyperimmune bovine colostrum, making it exploitable as a functional food.
Engineering of milk-based beverages: Current status, developments, and consumer trends
2019, Milk-Based Beverages: Volume 9: The Science of Beverages
Consumers are becoming more aware of what they are eating and have been changing their eating habits due to the increasing interest for maintaining and improving their health and wellness. Healthier foods having physiological effects on body apart from providing basic nutrition are recognized as “functional foods.” Milk, which contains bioactive peptides, vitamins, antioxidants, probiotic bacteria, minerals, oligosaccharides has been associated with health and part of the human diet. Milk-based beverages seem to be an opportunistic way to meet new consumer demands in the functional food market. Therefore, several food technologists in industry and researchers have been developing new milk-based beverage formulations. High-protein milkshakes, powders, milk drinks, smoothies, and fortified milk products are some of the examples of commercialized milk-based beverages with additional health benefits in the world.
This chapter focuses on the production and application technologies of milk-based beverages and discusses the physicochemical properties and health benefits of some milk-based beverages such as whey beverages (with fruit and vegetable juices; fermented or unfermented), fermented milk products (probiotic dairy beverages, kefir, buttermilk, koumiss), and dairy beverages fortified with bioactive compounds. Also, recent developments and hot consumer trends in milk-based beverages market will be discussed in detail.
Isolation of biofunctional bovine immunoglobulin G from milk- and colostral whey with mixed-mode chromatography at lab and pilot scale
2018, Journal of Chromatography A
The aim of the present work was to develop a new scalable and cost-efficient process to isolate bovine immunoglobulin G from colostral whey with high purity and minimal loss of activity. The mixed mode material Mercapto-Ethyl-Pyridine-Hypercel™ was identified appropriate for direct capture of immunoglobulin G. The binding mechanism is primarily based on hydrophobic interactions at physiological conditions. As compared to immunoglobulin G, all other low molecular whey proteins such as α-Lactalbumin or β-Lactoglobulin, except lactoperoxidase, are more hydrophilic and were therefore found in the flow-through fraction. In order to remove lactoperoxidase as an impurity the column was combined in series with a second mixed mode material (Capto™- with N-benzoyl-homocysteine as ligand) using the same binding conditions. At pH 7.5 the carboxyl group of this ligand is negatively charged and can hence bind the positively charged lactoperoxidase, whose isoelectric point is at pH 9.6. After sample application, the columns were eluted separately. By combining the two columns it was possible to obtain immunoglobulin G with a purity of >96.1% and yield of 65–80%. The process development was carried out using 1 mL columns and upscaling was performed in three steps up to a column volume of 8800 mL for the Hypercel™ column and 3000 mL for the Capto™- column. At this scale it is possible to obtain 130–150 g pure immunoglobulin G from 3 L colostrum within five hours, including the regeneration of both columns. Additionally, the impact of freeze-drying on the isolated immunoglobulin G was studied. The nativity of the freeze dried immunoglobulin was above 95%, which was proven by reversed phase liquid chromatography and validated by differential scanning calorimetry. The activity of immunoglobulin G was preserved over the isolation process and during drying as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In conclusion, by applying the proposed isolation process, it becomes feasible to obtain pure, active and stable imunnunoglobulin G at large scale.
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PASSIVE IMMUNISATION OF CHILDREN WITH BOVINE COLOSTRUM CONTAINING ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN ROTAVIRUS

Abstract

J Pediatr

Lancet

J Chron Dis

Rotavirus: the major etiologic agent of severe infantile diarrhea may be controllable by a "Jennerian" approach to vaccination

J Infect Dis

Diarrhoea and rotavirus infection associated with differing regimens for postnatal care of newborn babies

J Clin Microbiol

Risk factors associated with nosocomial rotavirus infection

Am J Dis Child

Epidemiology of rotavirus infection in adults

Rev Infect Dis

Spread of rotavirus within families, a community based study

Br Med J

Human rotavirus in lambs: infection and passive protection

Infect Immun

Immunity to neonatal calf diarrhea virus

J Am Vet Med Assoc